Seed loss as a result of pod shatter in spring rape and spring turnip rape in Finland

Pahkala, Katri; Sankari, Hannele

doi:10.23986/afsci.5694

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In contrast to previous reports (Price et al. , 1996; Pahkala & Sankari, 2001), no seed losses were observed before harvest, even when the harvest was delayed. This could due to the relatively early harvest date in Chinese farming systems.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Seed losses at harvest and seed persistence of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in different cultural conditions in Chinese farming systems

Zhu

Colbach

et al. 2012

Weed Research

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This article reports experiments that explore the critical factors for gene flow in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) via the soil seedbank under Chinese farming systems. Research was carried out on 16 farmerÕs fields to estimate harvest seed losses after different planting methods and harvest timings, during the four components of the harvest operations. An additional field experiment was set up to estimate the potential germination proportion of seeds in flood-irrigated and unirrigated fields, as a function of seed burial depth over time. Seed losses were largest during the sun-drying of harvested plants in the field, accounting for about three quarters of the total seed losses. The number of intact seeds declined quickly after they entered the soil, particularly in un-irrigated fields, and no volunteers germinated in the irrigated field after 3 months. Burial depth did not affect the potential for germination and emergence of volunteers in the flood-irrigated field. However, the potential germination declined with increasing burial depth in the un-irrigated field. No viable seeds remained in the soil after 16 months. Seed losses during harvest could be limited to 0.7-1.1% by weight of total seed production by placing a plastic membrane under the cut plants during drying and no rape seeds could germinate after 3 months in waterlogged condition. Thus, the risk of gene flow via the soil seedbank is probably small in Chinese oilseed rape farming systems.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Seed losses at harvest and seed persistence of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in different cultural conditions in Chinese farming systems

Zhu

Colbach

et al. 2012

Weed Research

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“…Nevertheless, a certain amount of pre‐harvest seed losses seem likely according to Price et al. (1996) and Pahkala and Sankari (2001). Thus, a higher overall loss can be supposed for the experiments.…”

Section: Seed Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle and potential gene flow of volunteer oilseed rape in different tillage systems

2005

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Summary The study examined the effect of tillage (intensive vs. zero tillage) on potential gene flow during the life cycle of oilseed rape volunteers between July 2002 and August 2003. After growing oilseed rape, 4–29% of the seeds lost during harvest entered the soil seedbank when stubble tillage was performed immediately after the seed input. The seedbank was small (0–3%) when stubble tillage was delayed. Zero tillage resulted in seedbanks from 1 to 17% of the initial seed input. The seeds were distributed mainly in the upper soil layers after zero tillage or primary tillage with a rigid tine cultivator, whereas ploughing shifted most of the seeds into deeper layers. The highest number of volunteers (1 plant m−2) emerged and flowered in the following crop of winter wheat either when a large soil seedbank existed and/or the seedbank was located mainly in the upper soil layer. Outcrossing with other rape crops was unlikely as volunteers flowered 1 month later than rape crops sown at the normal timing. These volunteers produced a maximum of 8 viable seeds m−2. Ploughing preserved seeds in deep soil layers transferring the risk of gene flow to the future, whereas non‐inversion tillage can cause gene flow from high numbers of flowering volunteers within the first year following oilseed rape cultivation.

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“…Rapeseed sheds some of its mature seeds during pod dehiscence prior to harvest. This is a negative feature, but seed losses during combine harvesting are even more substantial (Pahkala and Sankari 2001, Ilobson and Bruce 2002, Gulden et al 2003, Lutman et al 2005. Because rapeseed can develop secondary dormancy, the persistence of seeds in the soil can vary (Pekrun et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed loss and volunteer seedling establishment of rapeseed in the northernmost European conditions: potential for weed infestation and GM risks

Peltonen‐Sainio¹,

Pahkala²,

Mikkola³

et al. 2014

AFSci

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Rapeseed soil seed bank development and volunteer plant establishment represent substantial risk for crop infestation and GM contamination. This study was designed to complement such investigations with novel understanding from high latitude conditions. Four experiments were designed to characterise seed loss at harvest, persistence, viability and capacity for volunteer seedling establishment, as well as impact of management measures on soil seed bank dynamics. Oilseed rape was the primary crop investigated due to the availability of GM cultivars and because of the increasing importance. Harvest losses and soil seed bank development were significant. Volunteer seedlings emerged at reasonably high rates, especially in the first autumn after harvest, but about 10% of buried seeds maintained their viability for at least three years. Soil incorporation methods had no major effect on numbers of volunteer seedlings, but herbicide treatments controlled volunteer seedlings efficiently, though not completely, due to irregular timing of seedling emergence.

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Seed loss as a result of pod shatter in spring rape and spring turnip rape in Finland

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Seed losses at harvest and seed persistence of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in different cultural conditions in Chinese farming systems

Seed losses at harvest and seed persistence of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in different cultural conditions in Chinese farming systems

Life cycle and potential gene flow of volunteer oilseed rape in different tillage systems

Seed loss and volunteer seedling establishment of rapeseed in the northernmost European conditions: potential for weed infestation and GM risks

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