Seed germination environments of Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis in wetland restoration

Meng, Huan; Wang, Xuehong; Tong, Shuo; Xia, Lu; Hao, Mingxu; An, Yu; Zhang, Zhongsheng

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.03.003

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In several plant species (salt-intolerant glycophytes included), cold stratification under freshwater conditions induced emergence under saline conditions [91]. Cold stratification might induce several physiological changes involved in germination under salty conditions, such as higher seed imbibition [92,93], changes in enzyme kinetics or activities [94,95], and/or storage protein degradation [96,97].…”

Section: Chilling Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Tolerance in Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.: Seed Emergence in Field and Germination Trials

Raddi

Mariotti

Sofía

et al. 2019

Forests

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The effect of salinity on seed germination/emergence in narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) was studied both under field and laboratory conditions, in order to detect critical values to NaCl exposure. Research Highlights: Novel statistical methods in germination ecology has been applied (i) to determine the effects of chilling length and salinity (up to 150 mM NaCl) on Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa seed emergence, and (ii) to estimate threshold limits treating germination response to salinity as a biomarker. Background and Objectives: Salinity cut values at germination stage had relevant interest for conservation and restoration aims of Mediterranean floodplain forests in coastal areas subjected to salt spray exposure and/or saline water introgression. Results: Salinity linearly decreased germination/emergence both in the field and laboratory tests. Absence of germination was observed at 60 mM NaCl in the field (70-84 mM NaCl depending on interpolation model) and at 150 mM NaCl for 4-week (but not for 24-week) chilling. At 50 mM NaCl, germination percentage was 50% (or 80%) of control for 4-week (or 24-week) chilling. Critical values for salinity were estimated between freshwater and 50 (75) mM NaCl for 4-week (24-week) chilling by Bayesian analysis. After 7-week freshwater recovery, critical cut-off values included all tested salinity levels up to 150 mM NaCl, indicating a marked resumption of seedling emergence. Conclusions: Fraxinus angustifolia is able to germinate at low salinity and to tolerate temporarily moderate salinity conditions for about two months. Prolonged chilling widened salinity tolerance.Forests 2019, 10, 940 2 of 18 and late (2100) century [22]. The global conservation awareness for these ecosystems-which nowadays resulted in a protected status under the international biodiversity-related multilateral environmental agreements [23] for more than one third of swamps, flooded forests and coastal wetlands-might not be sufficient to prevent degradation risks arisen from interactions with large-scale processes, land-use changes and agricultural land-use intensification. Consequently, undertaking practice and policy actions to prevent wetland degradation and loss remains a focus of international processes, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Aichi Targets and the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In coastal floodplains, human pressure, altered water flows, contaminants from internal urban and agricultural lands, and increased soil salinity [24][25][26] were particularly relevant, and science-based management options should be urgent [27] to face adverse climate-related impacts exacerbated by increasing human-induced pressures [28][29][30].F. angustifolia coastal alluvial forests were mainly judged under unfavorable (habitat 91F0) or inadeguate (habitat 91E0 * ) states, following the 2007-2012 EU Habitat Directive Art. 17 assessment [31]. The major threats to this species were currently considered to be high fragmentation with connectivity loss a...

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Section: Chilling Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Tolerance in Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.: Seed Emergence in Field and Germination Trials

Raddi

Mariotti

Sofía

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…Reed, Phragmites australis, is a dominant wetland species, accounting for approximately 40% of a wetland's ecological community [27,28]. It is the most frequently used plant species worldwide in constructing wetlands for wastewater treatment and wetland restoration because of its high biomass production and ability to uptake nitrogen, and it is also an important nitrogen sink in eutrophic lakesides, littoral zones, and along rivers and marsh wetland [3,29,30]. Therefore, the objectives of this study include (1) roughly identifying vertical distribution patterns in the NC of a reed canopy; (2) determining the effective leaf layers for estimating NC of reed canopy using hyperspectral remote sensing data; and (3) establishing a remotely sensed model for estimating the total NC of the whole reed canopy accounting for the vertical distribution patterns of NC and the effective canopy layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Total Nitrogen Concentration of Reed Canopy with Hyperspectral Measurements Considering a Non-Uniform Vertical Nitrogen Distribution

Luo

Feng

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:The total nitrogen concentration (NC, g/100 g) of wetland plants is an important parameter to estimate the wetland health status and to calculate the nitrogen storage of wetland plants. Remote sensing has been widely used to estimate biophysical, physiological, and biochemical parameters of plants. However, current studies place little emphasis on NC estimations by only taking nitrogen's vertical distribution into consideration, resulting in limited accuracy and decreased practical value of the results. The main goal of this study is to develop a model, considering a non-uniform vertical nitrogen distribution to estimate the total NC of the reed canopy, which is one of the wetland's dominant species, using hyperspectral data. Sixty quadrats were selected and measured based on an experimental design that considered vertical layer divisions within the reed canopy. Using the measured NCs of different leaf layers and corresponding spectra from the quadrats, the results indicated that the vertical distribution law of the NC was distinct, presenting an initial increase and subsequent decrease from the top layer to the bottom layer. The spectral indices MCARI/MTVI2, TCARI/OSAVI, MMTCI, DCNI, and PPR/NDVI had high R 2 values when related to NC (R 2 > 0.5) and low R 2 when related to LAI (R 2 < 0.2) and could minimize the influence of LAI and increase the sensitivity to changes in NC of the reed canopy. The relative variation rates (R v , %) of these spectral indices, calculated from each quadrat, also indicated that the top three layers of the reed canopy were an effective depth to estimate NCs using hyperspectral data. A model was developed to estimate the total NC of the whole reed canopy based on PPR/DNVI with R 2 = 0.88 and RMSE = 0.37%. The model, which considered the vertical distribution patterns of the NC and the effective canopy layers, has demonstrated great potential to estimate the total NC of the whole reed canopy.

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“…Although water depth was not a factor in this study, it is another factor that is related to the amount of light and the ease of germination of cattail seeds. The depth used was enough to saturate the paper and seed (<0.4 cm) due to the fact that germination in cattail seeds is greater and faster in aquatic conditions (2,24,33). Some authors have stated that ooded areas increase the germination of Typha species, and this increase in germination has a direct relation to depth (17,53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results showed different T o values according to the places of origin of the seed and were closely related to climatic conditions at each location (17). Some conditions, such as the temperature of the mother plants (38,64), may determine the germination of populations, regardless of whether the seeds were of the same species (24,37). In the Typha genus, temperature and amplitude were shown to be factors related to germination (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the thermal time model for different Typha domingensis populations

León

Cortijo

Izquierdo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.) is a perennial emergent plant which is used in Green Floating Filters (GFFs), one of the most innovative systems of wastewater treatment to bioremediate eutrophic waters and produce biomass as biofuel feedstocks. The establishment of cattails in GFFs depends on the seed germination and plant responses under conditions of a new habitat. This study analysed the germination responses of four different populations of cattails through a thermal time model to know their basic parameters of germination and which population would be more adapted to the conditions tested.Results: Seeds from the Badajoz (Ba), Cuenca (Cu), Madrid (Ma), Seville (Se) and Toledo (To) populations were exposed to different thermal regimes (constant, and alternating temperatures between 15 and 30°C) and different darkness treatments (between 0 and 20 days with 24h dark photoperiod, then exposed to light with 12h light/dark photoperiod) to determine the parameters of the thermal model from germination levels in each treatment. To population was used to validate the thermal time parameters of other populations. Regardless of the other parameters, no germination occurred in total darkness. The mean value of base temperature (Tb) was 16.4±0.2°C in all treatments. Optimum temperature (To) values in Ma and Ba were 25°C, and those in Cu and Se were 22.5°C. The germination response decreased when the temperature approached Tb and increased when it was close to To. In comparison to alternating temperatures, constant temperatures had the highest germination response and lowest thermal time (θT(50)). Darkness treatments had a direct relationship with θT(50). The population origin also affected seed germination; Cu had the highest values of To and germination response but had a lower θT(50), which coincides with the lowest mean ambient temperatures. Conclusion : According to these results, the germination response of cattails was high in all populations under optimal conditions but was affected to a greater or lesser extent depending on thermal regimes, darkness treatments, and populations. The thermal time model allowed us to determine that To was between 22.5-25ºC and that Cu is the best population regarding the germination response under the conditions tested.

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Seed germination environments of Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis in wetland restoration

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Salinity Tolerance in Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.: Seed Emergence in Field and Germination Trials

Salinity Tolerance in Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.: Seed Emergence in Field and Germination Trials

Estimating the Total Nitrogen Concentration of Reed Canopy with Hyperspectral Measurements Considering a Non-Uniform Vertical Nitrogen Distribution

Application of the thermal time model for different Typha domingensis populations

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