Sedimentation model for the quaternary intramontane Bhimtal–Naukuchiatal Lake deposits, Nainital, India

Shukla, Uma Kant; Bora, D.S.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2004.05.010

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1, 3), by abandonment of active channel belts and formation of extensive ponds and lakes, and deposition of aeolian sand ridges, and was interpreted to represent a dry phase Srivastava et al 2000Srivastava et al , 2003bSharma et al 2004). Shukla and Bora (2005), reported thick mudflow deposits (dated around 3,650 ± 120 years) from the Quaternary Bhimtal-Naukuchiatal palaeolake basin located some 15 km north of the Gaula Fan in the hinterland (Fig. 2), indicating an arid climate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11, 12a). The fan expansion cycle A of the Gaula Fan, representing a humid climate, may correspond to climatic amelioration around 13-6 ka (Sirocko et al 1991;Singh et al 1999;Srivastava et al 2003b;Shukla and Bora 2005). The water budget of the rivers was increased due to enhanced melting of Himalaya glaciers and the re-establishment of the SW monsoon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most likely, tectonic activity along Himalayan Frontal Fault (Nakata 1972;Kumar et al 2001) caused the upheaval of Siwalik rocks and released a huge amount of coarse clastics, which was subsequently emplaced as widespread debris flows preferably under dry climate. It has to be pointed out that the time between 7 and 4 ka is marked by an important tectonic event causing disruption of palaeolake basins and their subsequent filling by mudflows in Kumaun and Garhwal Himalaya (Shukla et al 2002;Shukla and Bora 2005;Singh 2004). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbonaceous mud units may represent Floodplain/Lake deposits (Shukla et al 2002;Shukla and Bora 2005).…”

Section: Palaeocurrentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedimentation model of gravel-dominated alluvial piedmont fan, Ganga Plain, India

Shukla

2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Piedmont Zone of the Indo-Gangetic Plain contains numerous, laterally coalescing small alluvial fans. The Latest Pleistocene-Holocene 30 km long Gaula Fan can be divided into gravelly proximal fan (0-14 km downstream), gravel-sand rich mid fan (14-22 km) and sandmud dominated distal fan (22-30 km). The fan succession is composed of two fan expansion cycles A and B. Separated by an undulatory erosional contact of regional extent, cycle A is characterized by river borne clast-supported gravelly deposits, and the overlying fan expansion cycle B by matrix-supported gravely debris flows. The main process behind fan development has been lateral migration of channels over the fan surface probably due to rapid sedimentation caused by increased sediment supply, and the fluctuating water budget in response to changing climate. The water laid expansion cycle A represents a humid phase. The debris flow deposits of expansion cycle B suggest a dry phase. Approximately between 8 and 3 Ka, cycle B also indicates a phase of tectonic instability in the Siwalik Hills forming the mountain front. The tectonic activity caused incision of rivers into the fan surface, and in turn resulted in reduced fan-building activity. At present the fan surface is accreting by sheet flow processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%