Sediment–Water Interactions of Bisphenol A Under Simulated Marine Conditions

Abstract

The sorption behavior of bisphenol A (BPA) on marine sediments treated using different methods was investigated in batch equilibrium experiments. Adsorption isotherms were well fitted to Freundlich model and the model parameters, K F and n, had been evaluated. When temperature decreased from 308 to 288 K, Freundlich constant (K F ) increased about 200%. K F increased by approximately 92.6% with increase of salinity from 1:2 artificial seawater (1:2 ASW) to ASW conditions. The plateau sorption capacity was around 0.8579 mg/g in the pH range 7.46-8.34, whereas the adsorption capacity decreased from 0.8579 to 0 mg/g when pH from 8.34 to 8.91, suggesting that the undissociated species were adsorbed more readily and that electrostatic repulsion may inhibit sorption as pH increases. The increase of K F value between the two media from natural seawater to ASW was around 25.3%, indicating the presence of dissolved organic matter appeared to have a significant effect on sorption. Mineral surface of sediment, together with microporosity of sediment, showed to be primarily responsible for the sorption of BPA.

The relationship between the black carbon and bisphenol A in sea and river sediments (Southern Baltic)

“…In the abovementioned experiment, BPA interacted the least with humic acids. This interaction was indicated in the study by Tian et al (2009) by a dramatic decrease in pH above 8.34 when BPA transferred to its anionic form and became more negatively charged. Samples from the near-bottom water layer (Staniszewska et al, 2015) were characterized by pH in the range 7.0-8.6, and only three samples had a pH value above 8.34.…”

“…It has been observed in several studies that BC plays a decisive role in the sorption of PAHs in sediments that are high in black carbon and low in organic carbon (Staniszewska et al, 2011). In sediments that are high in organic carbon, the predominant phenomenon may be that of organic matter competing against BPA for hole-filling in elemental carbon, which as a result weakens the sorptive abilities of BC in relation to BPA (Tian et al, 2009). Zeng et al (2006) reported a higher sorptive capacity (about 30%) in relation to BPA in sediments thermally deprived (at 375°C) of organic matter.…”

“…This is confirmed by a high negative correlation coefficient between the concentration of bisphenol A in the sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk and total organic carbon content in relation to the finest sediment fraction (n = 71; r = −0.81, p = 0.02). In an experiment conducted by Tian et al (2009), strong bonding was indicated between BPA and mineral components of sediment such as kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite, but not with organic matter. Zeng et al (2006) observed a linear sorption isotherm for sediments containing only mineral particles.…”

Studies on the sorption behaviors of phenanthrene on marine sediments

“…The black carbon, compared with other components in the OC, was relatively refractory and was not easily oxidized by oxidant [20]. In addition, Yang and Zhang [19] and Tian et al [22] used the same method to treat the sediment samples and measured the OC before and after H 2 O 2 treatment. Their results showed that approximately 83% and 81% of the original OC was removed, respectively [19,22].…”

“…In addition, Yang and Zhang [19] and Tian et al [22] used the same method to treat the sediment samples and measured the OC before and after H 2 O 2 treatment. Their results showed that approximately 83% and 81% of the original OC was removed, respectively [19,22]. This evidence confirms that most OC can be oxidized by this treatment, but the most refractory part of OC (e.g., the black carbon) remains in the marine sediments.…”