Sediment resuspension and bed armoring during high bottom stress events on the northern California inner continental shelf: measurements and predictions

Formation and Removal of a Coastal Flood Deposit

“…In the 3 weeks following the 6–9 March flood, the deposits at T1 and T2 were almost completely eroded (Figure e) by strong tidal‐current flow. The estimated critical shear stress for erosion ( τ c ) was similar to values measured by Mitchener and Torfs () for mixed sand/mud beds with bulk densities of 1,200–1,600 kg/m 3 and fell between critical values used by Wiberg et al () to characterize mean sediment sizes of 130 μm (0.16 Pa) and 230 μm (0.22 Pa). The estimated τ c thus seems reasonable for a seabed composition represented by the muddy sands recovered from the sediment traps.…”

Formation and Removal of a Coastal Flood Deposit

“…In the 3 weeks following the 6–9 March flood, the deposits at T1 and T2 were almost completely eroded (Figure e) by strong tidal‐current flow. The estimated critical shear stress for erosion ( τ c ) was similar to values measured by Mitchener and Torfs () for mixed sand/mud beds with bulk densities of 1,200–1,600 kg/m 3 and fell between critical values used by Wiberg et al () to characterize mean sediment sizes of 130 μm (0.16 Pa) and 230 μm (0.22 Pa). The estimated τ c thus seems reasonable for a seabed composition represented by the muddy sands recovered from the sediment traps.…”

Flash Floods During Tropical Cyclones Drove Episodic Sediment Delivery to Caonillas Reservoir in Central Puerto Rico

“…This threshold is consistent with previous studies of lake event deposits (e.g., Sabatier et al, 2012) and allows inclusion of the ∼40 μm grain-size mode associated with major storm events in lakes (Parris et al, 2010). The use of this threshold is also supported by studies showing that particles in this size range can exhibit transport behavior distinct from finer cohesive sediments during high-energy transport events (e.g., Wiberg et al, 1994). The thickness of event deposits was compared to background sediment deposits to assess relative magnitudes in vertical accretion.…”

Numerical model of frazil ice and suspended sediment concentrations and formation of sediment laden ice in the Kara Sea

“…The net flux, used as the bottom boundary condition for the suspended sediment equation, is sim-ply the sum E + wsC s. The use of •;bm here implies that all bottomshear stress is in the form of skin friction and that the wave period maximum value is the appropriate one for calculating resuspension flux. In fact, bottom stress should be partitioned among form drag and skin friction, and some moment of the time-averaged skin friction component should be usedWiberg et al, 1994], but these processes and bed armoring have been subsumed into w e. In this study, values of w e have been set in the range do not reflect the wide range of sediment properties found in the Arctic but are intended as benchmarks.…”

Formation and Removal of a Coastal Flood Deposit

“…In the 3 weeks following the 6–9 March flood, the deposits at T1 and T2 were almost completely eroded (Figure e) by strong tidal‐current flow. The estimated critical shear stress for erosion ( τ c ) was similar to values measured by Mitchener and Torfs () for mixed sand/mud beds with bulk densities of 1,200–1,600 kg/m 3 and fell between critical values used by Wiberg et al () to characterize mean sediment sizes of 130 μm (0.16 Pa) and 230 μm (0.22 Pa). The estimated τ c thus seems reasonable for a seabed composition represented by the muddy sands recovered from the sediment traps.…”

Flash Floods During Tropical Cyclones Drove Episodic Sediment Delivery to Caonillas Reservoir in Central Puerto Rico

“…This threshold is consistent with previous studies of lake event deposits (e.g., Sabatier et al, 2012) and allows inclusion of the ∼40 μm grain-size mode associated with major storm events in lakes (Parris et al, 2010). The use of this threshold is also supported by studies showing that particles in this size range can exhibit transport behavior distinct from finer cohesive sediments during high-energy transport events (e.g., Wiberg et al, 1994). The thickness of event deposits was compared to background sediment deposits to assess relative magnitudes in vertical accretion.…”

Numerical model of frazil ice and suspended sediment concentrations and formation of sediment laden ice in the Kara Sea

“…The net flux, used as the bottom boundary condition for the suspended sediment equation, is sim-ply the sum E + wsC s. The use of •;bm here implies that all bottomshear stress is in the form of skin friction and that the wave period maximum value is the appropriate one for calculating resuspension flux. In fact, bottom stress should be partitioned among form drag and skin friction, and some moment of the time-averaged skin friction component should be usedWiberg et al, 1994], but these processes and bed armoring have been subsumed into w e. In this study, values of w e have been set in the range do not reflect the wide range of sediment properties found in the Arctic but are intended as benchmarks.…”

Formation and Removal of a Coastal Flood Deposit

“…In the 3 weeks following the 6–9 March flood, the deposits at T1 and T2 were almost completely eroded (Figure e) by strong tidal‐current flow. The estimated critical shear stress for erosion ( τ c ) was similar to values measured by Mitchener and Torfs () for mixed sand/mud beds with bulk densities of 1,200–1,600 kg/m 3 and fell between critical values used by Wiberg et al () to characterize mean sediment sizes of 130 μm (0.16 Pa) and 230 μm (0.22 Pa). The estimated τ c thus seems reasonable for a seabed composition represented by the muddy sands recovered from the sediment traps.…”

Flash Floods During Tropical Cyclones Drove Episodic Sediment Delivery to Caonillas Reservoir in Central Puerto Rico

“…This threshold is consistent with previous studies of lake event deposits (e.g., Sabatier et al, 2012) and allows inclusion of the ∼40 μm grain-size mode associated with major storm events in lakes (Parris et al, 2010). The use of this threshold is also supported by studies showing that particles in this size range can exhibit transport behavior distinct from finer cohesive sediments during high-energy transport events (e.g., Wiberg et al, 1994). The thickness of event deposits was compared to background sediment deposits to assess relative magnitudes in vertical accretion.…”

Numerical model of frazil ice and suspended sediment concentrations and formation of sediment laden ice in the Kara Sea

“…The net flux, used as the bottom boundary condition for the suspended sediment equation, is sim-ply the sum E + wsC s. The use of •;bm here implies that all bottomshear stress is in the form of skin friction and that the wave period maximum value is the appropriate one for calculating resuspension flux. In fact, bottom stress should be partitioned among form drag and skin friction, and some moment of the time-averaged skin friction component should be usedWiberg et al, 1994], but these processes and bed armoring have been subsumed into w e. In this study, values of w e have been set in the range do not reflect the wide range of sediment properties found in the Arctic but are intended as benchmarks.…”