Sedentary Time in Late Childhood and Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescence

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is a paucity of prospective evidence examining the links between sedentary time (ST) and cardiometabolic outcomes in youth. We examined the associations between objectively assessed ST and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in childhood with cardiometabolic risk in adolescence. METHODS:The study included 4639 children (47% male) aged 11 to 12 years at baseline whose mothers were enrolled in ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) during their pregnancy in the early 1990s. A total of 2963 children had valid blood samples at age 15 to 16 years. Associations with baseline ST and MVPA were examined for BMI, waist circumference, body fat mass, lean body mass, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, and a clustered standardized cardiometabolic risk score (CMscore).RESULTS: Baseline ST was not associated deleteriously with any cardiometabolic markers. MVPA was beneficially associated with the 3 adiposity indicators, lean body mass, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, insulin, HDL cholesterol, and CMscore; once the models were adjusted for baseline levels of these markers, these associations remained for body fat mass ( CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence linking ST in late childhood with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in adolescence. Baseline MVPA was beneficially linked to broad cardiometabolic health in adolescence.WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Evidence on the cardiometabolic consequences of sedentary behavior in youth is inconsistent and mostly relies on cross-sectional studies. Studies with objective measures of sedentary time have found limited evidence of cross-sectional associations with adiposity markers but no other outcomes. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Objectively assessed daily sedentary time was not prospectively associated with cardiometabolic outcomes. Moderate to vigorous physical activity was beneficially associated with body fat mass, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and clustered cardiometabolic score. Dr Stamatakis conceptualized and designed the study, drafted the initial manuscript, and revised the text of the manuscript several times after previous submissions and reviews; Dr Coombs conducted the initial analyses, drafted parts of the methods section, repeated the analyses several times after previous submissions and reviews, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Tiling drafted parts of the statistical analyses section, contributed to the idea and design, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Mattocks drafted parts of the physical analyses section and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Cooper acquired the physical activity data and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Hardy contributed to the idea and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Lawlor acquired the biochemical data, contributed to the idea and design, and reviewed and r...

The prospective association between objectively measured sedentary time, moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Stamatakis et al . observed an inverse association between MVPA and SBP but that association was attenuated by adjustment of important covariates and baseline value of SBP, which corresponded with the four other studies reporting no prospective associations . However, some studies observed inverse associations in boys; Carson et al .…”

“…Similar but weaker findings were observed at the 75th and 50th BMI percentiles . Two studies found that sedentary time predicted lower BMI and WC , even after adjustment of MVPA. In general, studies examining the prospective associations between sedentary time and adiposity reported no evidence for any association .…”

“…Three studies reported no associations between baseline sedentary time and BP at follow‐up , but one study found an independent and beneficial association between both sedentary time and MVPA with follow‐up systolic BP (SBP) . Stamatakis et al .…”

Objectively measured sedentary behaviour and health and development in children and adolescents: systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…After adjustment for MVPA, a significant negative association was evident between change in sedentary behaviour and change in HDL cholesterol; however, change in total sedentary time was not associated with change in clustered metabolic syndrome score or other individual components. Another longitudinal study found that total sedentary time was not associated with individual or clustered cardio‐metabolic risk in 11‐ to 12‐year‐old children .…”

The Use of Cluster Analysis for Non-Continuous Variables in the Assessment of Dietary Behaviours and Physical Activities in Primary School Children

“…Various studies have suggested a number of shortcomings in terms of physical activity in young people that can lead to many health problems, and the universality of their occurrence requires work in the field of public health (Hills et al, 2011;Jodkowska et al, 2015;Stamatakis et al, 2015). Problems associated with lifestyle-related diseases are crucial for most developed countries.…”