Secure Software Leasing

Ananth, Prabhanjan; Placa, Rolando L. La

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-77886-6_17

Cited by 45 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Definition of SSL We review the definition of SSL given in [AP20]. In this paper, we use a calligraphic font to represent quantum algorithms and calligraphic font or bracket notation to represent quantum states following the notation of [AGKZ20].…”

Section: Technical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We review the construction of SSL in [AP20]. Their construction is based on the following three building blocks:…”

Section: Construction Of Ssl In [Ap20]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secure software leasing (SSL) [AP20] is a quantum cryptographic primitive that enables users to execute software only during the software is leased. It prevents users from executing leased software after they return the leased software to its owner.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although SSL looks weaker than copy-protection, it has useful applications such as limited-time use software, recalling buggy software, preventing drain of propriety software from malicious employees [AP20]. SSL makes software distribution more controllable.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ananth and La Placa constructed an SSL scheme for a sub-class of evasive functions in the common reference string (CRS) model by using public-key quantum money [AC12, Zha19] and the learning with errors (LWE) assumption [AP20]. Evasive functions is a class of functions such that it is hard to find an accepting input (a function outputs 1 for this input) only given black-box access to a function.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secure Software Leasing from Standard Assumptions

Kitagawa,

Nishimaki,

Yamakawa

2020

Preprint

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Secure software leasing (SSL) is a quantum cryptographic primitive that enables users to execute software only during the software is leased. It prevents users from executing leased software after they return the leased software to its owner. SSL can make software distribution more flexible and controllable.Although SSL is an attractive cryptographic primitive, the existing SSL scheme is based on public key quantum money, which is not instantiated with standard cryptographic assumptions so far. Moreover, the existing SSL scheme only supports a subclass of evasive functions.In this work, we present SSL schemes based on the learning with errors assumption (LWE). Specifically, our contributions consist of the following.• We construct an SSL scheme for pseudorandom functions from the LWE assumption against quantum adversaries.• We construct an SSL scheme for a subclass of evasive functions from the LWE assumption against sub-exponential quantum adversaries.• We construct SSL schemes for the functionalities above with classical communication from the LWE assumption against (sub-exponential) quantum adversaries.SSL with classical communication means that entities exchange only classical information though they run quantum computation locally.Our crucial tool is two-tier quantum lightning, which is introduced in this work and a relaxed version of quantum lighting. In two-tier quantum lightning schemes, we have a public verification algorithm called semi-verification and a private verification algorithm called full-verification. An adversary cannot generate possibly entangled two quantum states whose serial numbers are the same such that one passes the semi-verification, and the other also passes the full-verification. We show that we can construct a two-tier quantum lightning scheme from the LWE assumption.

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Section: Technical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We review the construction of SSL in [AP20]. Their construction is based on the following three building blocks:…”

Section: Construction Of Ssl In [Ap20]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secure Software Leasing from Standard Assumptions

Kitagawa,

Nishimaki,

Yamakawa

2020

Preprint

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Secure Quantum Extraction Protocols

Ananth

Placa

2020

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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On the Round Complexity of Secure Quantum Computation

Bartusek

Coladangelo

Khurana³

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Can a sender non-interactively transmit one of two strings to a receiver without knowing which string was received? Does there exist minimally-interactive secure multiparty computation that only makes (black-box) use of symmetric-key primitives? We provide affirmative answers to these questions in a model where parties have access to shared EPR pairs, thus demonstrating the cryptographic power of this resource.• First, we construct a one-shot (i.e., single message) string oblivious transfer (OT) protocol with random receiver bit in the shared EPR pairs model, assuming the (sub-exponential) hardness of LWE.Building on this, we show that secure teleportation through quantum channels is possible. Specifically, given the description of any quantum operation Q, a sender with (quantum) input ρ can send a single classical message that securely transmits Q(ρ) to a receiver. That is, we realize an ideal quantum channel that takes input ρ from the sender and provably delivers Q(ρ) to the receiver without revealing any other information. This immediately gives a number of applications in the shared EPR pairs model: (1) noninteractive secure computation of unidirectional classical randomized functionalities, (2) NIZK for QMA from standard (sub-exponential) hardness assumptions, and (3) a noninteractive zero-knowledge state synthesis protocol.

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Secure Software Leasing

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Secure Software Leasing from Standard Assumptions

Secure Software Leasing from Standard Assumptions

Secure Quantum Extraction Protocols

On the Round Complexity of Secure Quantum Computation

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