Secretory pattern and regulatory mechanism of growth hormone in cattle

Abstract

The ultradian rhythm of growth hormone (GH) secretion has been known in several animal species for years and has recently been observed in cattle. Although the physiological significance of the rhythm is not yet fully understood, it appears essential for normal growth. In this review, previous studies concerning the GH secretory pattern in cattle, including its ultradian rhythm, are introduced and the regulatory mechanism is discussed on the basis of recent findings.

Invited review: Growth-promoting effects of colostrum in calves based on interaction with intestinal cell surface receptors and receptor-like transporters

“…Concentrations of hormones and growth factors also vary in serum and mammary secretions during the perinatal period. Growth hormone is released from the anterior pituitary in a pulsatile manner similar to other species (Tannenbaum and Martin, 1976;Plouzek and Trenkle, 1991;Kasuya, 2015). The episodic release of GH for lactating cows was first reported by (Vasilatos and Wangsness, 1981) who observed 8 to 9 GH spikes per day.…”

Progress in Research on Key Factors Regulating Lactation Initiation in the Mammary Glands of Dairy Cows

“…Produced by the anterior pituitary gland, bovine somatotropin is a protein hormone that stimulates growth and affects a variety of metabolic processes. In addition to increasing the lipolytic activity of adipose tissue and inhibiting the transmission activity of glucose into tissue, it directly or indirectly stimulates growth processes, such as cell division, bone growth, and protein synthesis [ 20 ]. In recent years [ 21 ], somatotropin (ST) has been found to significantly affect lactation in ruminant animals, and the concentration of pituitary hormone is also directly related to lactation in cows.…”

Metabolic and hormonal control of energy utilization and partitioning from early to mid lactation in Sarda ewes and Saanen goats

“…Because it has been reported that GH is secreted in pulses with a frequency of approximately 6 h in sheep, cattle, and deer, and that there is a secretory burst around the anticipated time of meal supply but no other secretion for about an hour after feeding (McMahon et al, 2001), the samples were taken just before the morning meal to limit the effects of pulsatility, at the same time and day in both species. Indeed, Kasuya (2016), in a review dedicated to the secretory pattern of GH in cattle, highlighted that in full-fed cattle, there is high synchronicity of the pattern based on the distance from the meal.…”