Secondary metabolites from endangered Gentiana, Gentianella, Centaurium, and Swertia species (Gentianaceae): promising natural biotherapeutics

Zogović, Nevena; Krstić-Milošević, Dijana

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819541-3.00019-0

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…Gentiopricrin has shown spasmolytic activity, in a concentration-dependent manner, the spontaneous contractions of isolated guinea-pig ileum. Contractions induced by histamine, acetylcholine, BaCl 2 , and KCl on the ileum were also significantly blocked by this monoterpene glycoside, which suggests that interference with calcium influx into the smooth muscle cells might occur (Tovilović-Kovačevicć et al, 2020). Recent studies have confirmed the radioprotective effect of infusions of the root of the G. dinarica, as well as individual xanthone components, such as norswertianin-1-O-primveroside and norswertianin-8-O-primveroside, a new compound isolated from the root of G. dinarica.…”

Section: The Comparative Study On Gentiana Kochiana and G Dinaricamentioning

confidence: 87%

Comprehensive combined chemical and pharmacognostic approach in the investigation of Montenegrin flora, with emphasis on endemic species: Past performance and future potential

Menković¹,

Tadić²

2021

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Herein, we have reviewed the comparative analysis relating pharmacognostic and chemical approaches in the investigation of the chosen plants from Montenegrin flora known for the constituents recognized as carriers of different biological activities. In addition, some of the mentioned extensively studied plants were with uncertain status in the systematics, as not being recognized as new species. The results of pharmacognostic studies with the thorough chemical analyses addressing the problem in positioning some of the investigated plants from Swertia, Gentiana and Gentianella genera belonging to family Gentianaceae in systematics, performed within the collaboration of two research groups from Institute for Medicinal Plants Research "Dr. Josif Pančić" and Faculty of Chemistry, the University of Belgrade under the leadership of Dr. Nebojša Menković and Prof. Dr. Slobodan Milosavljević were summarized. In addition, the complete chemical structure elucidation of sesquiterpene lactones present in Anthemis sp. as potential anti-inflammatory agents, applying the sophisticated 2D NMR techniques was reviewed. Further, the parthenolide content determination in Tanacetum larvatum revealed the possibility of the successful application of 1 H NMR techniques in quantification studies. The findings presented in the published literature stressed the importance of a combined chemical and pharmacognostic approach in the investigation of natural products originating from plants.

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Section: The Comparative Study On Gentiana Kochiana and G Dinaricamentioning

confidence: 87%

Comprehensive combined chemical and pharmacognostic approach in the investigation of Montenegrin flora, with emphasis on endemic species: Past performance and future potential

Menković¹,

Tadić²

2021

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“…Xanthones from natural sources contain various substituents on these two benzene rings, thus leading to wide structural diversity with a broad spectrum of activities (Sousa and Pinto, 2005;Tovilovic-Kovacevic et al, 2020). They are mainly classified into six main categories, namely, simple xanthones, glycosylated xanthones, prenylated xanthones, xanthonolignoids, bis-xanthones, and miscellaneous xanthones (Vieira and Kijjoa, 2005;El-Seedi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although xanthone structures and chromatographic patterns are comparable to that of flavonoids, xanthones are present in only a few restricted species (Jensen and Schripsema, 2002;Vieira and Kijjoa, 2005). For example, xanthones can only be isolated from 20 families of higher plants of which most of them reside within Clusiaceae, Hypericaceae, and Gentianaceae families (Tovilovic-Kovacevic et al, 2020), and to some extent in Calophyllaceae family (Gómez-Verjan et al, 2017;Zailan et al, 2021). Prenylated xanthones can be mainly isolated from different Garcinia species (Clusiaceae).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several previous plant xanthone reviews have detailed various research aspects, for instance in depth analysis on chemistry/chemical synthesis, phytochemical/biological activities, and/or biotechnological applications through in vitro production of xanthones and their precursors (Mazimba et al, 2013;Li et al, 2017;Gaid et al, 2019;Khattab and Farag, 2020;Tovilovic-Kovacevic et al, 2020;Pinto et al, 2021). Additionally, a review by El-Seedi et al ( 2010) covers various biosynthetic pathways in different organisms including plants, but a more updated review is needed considering the current findings in literature within the recent decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xanthone Biosynthetic Pathway in Plants: A Review

2022

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Xanthones are secondary metabolites rich in structural diversity and possess a broad array of pharmacological properties, such as antitumor, antidiabetic, and anti-microbes. These aromatic compounds are found in higher plants, such as Clusiaceae, Hypericaceae, and Gentianaceae, yet their biosynthetic pathways have not been comprehensively updated especially within the last decade (up to 2021). In this review, plant xanthone biosynthesis is detailed to illuminate their intricacies and differences between species. The pathway initially involves the shikimate pathway, either through L-phenylalanine-dependent or -independent pathway, that later forms an intermediate benzophenone, 2,3′,4,6-tetrahydoxybenzophenone. This is followed by a regioselective intramolecular mediated oxidative coupling to form xanthone ring compounds, 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone (1,3,5-THX) or 1,3,7-THX, the core precursors for xanthones in most plants. Recent evidence has shed some lights onto the enzymes and reactions involved in this xanthone pathway. In particular, several biosynthetic enzymes have been characterized at both biochemical and molecular levels from various organisms including Hypericum spp., Centaurium erythraea and Garcinia mangostana. Proposed pathways for a plethora of other downstream xanthone derivatives including swertianolin and gambogic acid (derived from 1,3,5-THX) as well as gentisin, hyperixanthone A, α-mangostin, and mangiferin (derived from 1,3,7-THX) have also been thoroughly covered. This review reports one of the most complete xanthone pathways in plants. In the future, the information collected here will be a valuable resource for a more directed molecular works in xanthone-producing plants as well as in synthetic biology application.

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“…They are responsible for wide range of therapeutic properties attributed to Gentianella plants. The xanthones bellidifolin and demethylbellidifolin, the principal constituents of many gentianellas, have been reported to show cardioprotective effects, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic activity, as well as displaying significant potential to inhibit acetylcholinesterase and monoamino oxidase activity [ 8 ]. Bellidifolin exhibited a variety of pharmacological activities, including prominent hypoglycemic [ 9 ] and neuroprotective activities [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentianella lutescens subsp. carpatica J. Holub.: Shoot Propagation In Vitro and Effect of Sucrose and Elicitors on Xanthones Production

Krstić-Milošević

Banjac

Janković

et al. 2021

Plants

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In vitro shoot culture of the endangered medicinal plant Gentianella lutescens was established from epicotyl explants cultured on MS basal medium with 0.2 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and evaluated for xanthones content for the first time. Five shoot lines were obtained and no significant variations in multiplication rate, shoot elongation, and xanthones profile were found among them. The highest rooting rate (33.3%) was achieved by shoots treated for 2 days with 5 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) followed by cultivation in liquid PGR-free ½ MS medium for 60 days. HPLC analysis revealed the lower content of xanthones—mangiferin, bellidifolin, demethylbellidifolin, demethylbellidifolin-8-O-glucoside and bellidifolin-8-O-glucoside—in in vitro cultured shoots compared to wild growing plants. The increasing concentration of sucrose, sorbitol and abiotic elicitors salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) altered shoot growth and xanthone production. Sucrose and sorbitol applied at the highest concentration of 233.6 mM increased dry matter percentage, while SA at 100 μM promoted shoot growth 2-fold. The increased sucrose concentration enhanced accumulation of xanthones in shoot cultures 2–3-fold compared to the control shoots. Elicitors at 100–300 μM increased the accumulation of mangiferin, demethylbellidifolin-8-O-glucoside, and bellidifolin-8-O-glucoside almost equally, while MeJA at the highest concentration of 500 μM enhanced amount of aglycones demethylbellidifolin and bellidifolin 7-fold compared to the control. The obtained results facilitate conservation of G. lutescens and pave the way for further research on large-scale shoot propagation and production of pharmacologically active xanthones.

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Secondary metabolites from endangered Gentiana, Gentianella, Centaurium, and Swertia species (Gentianaceae): promising natural biotherapeutics

Cited by 10 publications

References 206 publications

Comprehensive combined chemical and pharmacognostic approach in the investigation of Montenegrin flora, with emphasis on endemic species: Past performance and future potential

Comprehensive combined chemical and pharmacognostic approach in the investigation of Montenegrin flora, with emphasis on endemic species: Past performance and future potential

Xanthone Biosynthetic Pathway in Plants: A Review

Gentianella lutescens subsp. carpatica J. Holub.: Shoot Propagation In Vitro and Effect of Sucrose and Elicitors on Xanthones Production

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