Second-order optical nonlinearities in thermally poled phosphate glasses

Thamboon, P.; Krol, Denise M.

doi:10.1063/1.1527990

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We believe that this weak fast oscillation is simply due to a much weaker nonlinearity induced at the cathode end of the poled samples, which has also been observed for other thermally-poled samples. [23][24][25] The fact that the period of this fast spatial frequency oscillation roughly matches to the thickness of the poled samples (~150 µm) supports this argument. Meanwhile, the theoretically computed MF curves (solid lines in Figs.…”

Section: Thermal Poling and Characterization Of The Poled Filmssupporting

confidence: 66%

Characterization of thermally poled germanosilicate thin films

Ozcan¹,

Digonnet²,

Kino³

et al. 2004

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We report measurements of the nonlinearity profile of thermally poled low-loss germanosilicate films deposited on fused-silica substrates by PECVD, of interest as potential electro-optic devices. The profiles of films grown and poled under various conditions all exhibit a sharp peak ~0.5 µm beneath the anode surface, followed by a weaker pedestal of approximately constant amplitude down to a depth of 13-16 µm, without the sign reversal typical of poled undoped fused silica. These features suggest that during poling, the films significantly slow down the injection of positive ions into the structure. After local optimization, we demonstrate a record peak nonlinear coefficient of ~1.6 pm/V, approximately twice as strong as the highest reliable value reported in thermally poled fused silica glass, a significant improvement that was qualitatively expected from the presence of Ge.

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Section: Thermal Poling and Characterization Of The Poled Filmssupporting

confidence: 66%

Characterization of thermally poled germanosilicate thin films

Ozcan¹,

Digonnet²,

Kino³

et al. 2004

Opt. Express

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“…Then the sample is cooled down to room temperature under the applied voltage. At the poling temperature T p, mobile alkali ions move towards the cathode (negative electrode) leaving behind a negatively charged interfacial layer under the anode (positive electrode) [3,4]. The negative charge density in this interfacial layer causes high electric fields, which lead to an effective second-order nonlinear susceptibility of the poled glasses [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and kinetics of Na+ ion depletion under the anode during electro-thermal poling of a bioactive glass

Mariappan

Roling

2010

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Electro-thermal poling experiments were carried out on a 46.4 SiO 2 -25.2 Na 2 O -25.2 CaO -3.2 P 2 O 5 (46S4) bioactive glass, and the kinetics of the Na + ion depletion layer formation under the anode was studied in-situ by means of ac impedance spectroscopy. One important finding is a linear relation between the depletion layer thickness and the applied voltage, which is in contrast to the predictions of standard space charge theory. The average electric field in the layer is independent of the voltage and is close to the dielectric breakdown field of alkali ion conducting glasses. Furthermore, we observe that the thickness of the depletion layer is established on a much shorter time scale than the resistance. We explain these results by assuming that the huge electric fields created under the anode during Na + ion depletion lead to a strong increase of the electronic mobility in the layer and to charge compensation via extraction of electrons. It is shown that in the initial stages of the depletion process, a relative Na + ion depletion of only 400 ppm is sufficient to generate electric fields of the order of the dielectric breakdown field.

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“…The sign reversal is consistent with earlier reports, both theoretical and experimental. [14][15][16][17] It should be noted that neither the two-sample nor the twin-sample techniques provide the overall sign of the recovered nonlinearity profile. The reference-sample technique, on the other hand, does retrieve the overall sign of the profile unambiguously provided the reference sample has a known sign.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detailed analysis of inverse Fourier transform techniques to uniquely infer second-order nonlinearity profile of thin films

Özcan

Digonnet

Kino

2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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The mathematical details of a family of inverse Fourier transform techniques to uniquely recover the second-order optical nonlinearity profile of thin films are discussed both theoretically and numerically. These methods are all based on the Maker-fringe technique, i.e., they involve focusing a fundamental laser beam onto a nonlinear film and measuring the generated second-harmonic power as a function of the incidence angle of the fundamental beam. It is shown that each method can be treated as a special case of a general theory. An error analysis for the recovery of theoretical nonlinearity profiles is also illustrated with numerical examples.

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Second-order optical nonlinearities in thermally poled phosphate glasses

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Characterization of thermally poled germanosilicate thin films

Characterization of thermally poled germanosilicate thin films

Mechanism and kinetics of Na+ ion depletion under the anode during electro-thermal poling of a bioactive glass

Detailed analysis of inverse Fourier transform techniques to uniquely infer second-order nonlinearity profile of thin films

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