Seborrheic Keratosis: Current State of the Problem

Abstract

The aim is to identify age, gender, clinical and morphological features of seborrheic keratosis. Material and methods: The study used biopsy material from 196 patients with a clinical diagnosis of “Seborrheic keratosis”. In all cases, when studying directions for pathohistological examination, the authors analyzed gender and age characteristics, as well as localization of seborrheic keratosis. The resulting material was fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin (ph 7.4) for 24-48 hours. The procedure was carried out according to the generally accepted technique and the material was embedded in paraffin. Sections of 4–5×10–6m thick were made from paraffin blocks for staining with hematoxylin and eosin. The microspecimens were examined using an Olympus BX-41 microscope (Japan). Results: The study revealed a modern feature of seborrheic keratosis –”rejuvenation” of this tumor, as evidenced by its predominant development in patients aged 31 to 50 years. Seborrheic keratosis is more common in men, and is localized mainly on the skin of the face, scalp, neck and back. When diagnosing seborrheic keratosis, the author notes a significant discrepancy between clinical and morphological diagnoses, which actualizes the problem of improving the available clinical research methods and emphasizes the importance of morphological research. Hyperkeratotic and acanthotic histological variants of seborrheic keratosis are the most common. The case of seborrheic keratosis with malignancy and transformation into squamous cell carcinoma, identified by the author, should develop oncological alertness in doctors and patients. Conclusions: The study revealed age, gender, clinical and morphological features of seborrheic keratosis, which will contribute to a better understanding of this pathology by the doctors of various specialties, and improve the treatment and diagnostic process.

Update of pathophysiology and treatment options of seborrheic keratosis

“…Common seborrheic keratosis (CSK) is one of the types of SK that is more prevalent Caucasian race, whereas dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN), another subtype, is more common in Fitzpatrick skin phototype 3 and above 4 . SK are characterized by male preponderance 5 . Though the exact age‐wise prevalence data vary in the different continents there is a common opinion that as the age increases prevalence and size of the lesion also increase.…”

“…Dermoscopy has recently gained popularity as a noninvasive diagnostic procedure. [1][2][3][4][5]35 4…”

“…Based on epidemiology, the increasing age is an independent risk factor for the development of SK. [3][4][5]…”

“…In the event of a dilemma, a punch, or shave biopsy of the skin can be performed. Dermoscopy has recently gained popularity as a noninvasive diagnostic procedure 1–5,35 …”

“…4 SK are characterized by male preponderance. 5 Though the exact age-wise prevalence data vary in the different continents there is a common opinion that as the age increases prevalence and size of the lesion also increase. The age-wise correlation was proven by a European study with prevalence among 24-to 49-yearolds was 38%; 50-to 59-year-olds was 69%; 60-to 69-year-olds was 86%, and 70-to 79-year-olds was 90%.…”