Sebaceous Gland Regeneration in Human Skin Xenografts

Eisinger, Magdalena; Li, Wen‐Hwa; Rossetti, Dianne; Anthonavage, Michael; Seiberg, Miri

doi:10.1038/jid.2010.122

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We showed earlier that sebaceous glands of the xenografts secrete human specific sebum, express MC5R [28], and express human-specific sebocyte differentiation marker EMA [28,35]. This model system enables better understanding of human sebaceous physiology and pathology, and was suggested as a research tool for the study of sebaceous disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Male C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice, 5-6 weeks old, were obtained from Taconic Farms, Inc. (Hudson, NY) and were housed as described [28]. Human facial skin specimens from individuals undergoing plastic surgery were obtained with informed consent and the approval of Institutional Ethics Committee, and were grafted according to [28].…”

Section: Generation Of Human Skin Xenografts On Scid Micementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human facial skin specimens from individuals undergoing plastic surgery were obtained with informed consent and the approval of Institutional Ethics Committee, and were grafted according to [28].…”

Section: Generation Of Human Skin Xenografts On Scid Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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A melanocortin receptor 1 and 5 antagonist inhibits sebaceous gland differentiation and the production of sebum-specific lipids

Eisinger

Anthonavage

et al. 2011

Journal of Dermatological Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Generation Of Human Skin Xenografts On Scid Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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A melanocortin receptor 1 and 5 antagonist inhibits sebaceous gland differentiation and the production of sebum-specific lipids

Eisinger

Anthonavage

et al. 2011

Journal of Dermatological Science

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“…Our data suggest that TGFβ signaling maintains sebocytes in an undifferentiated state by decreasing the expression of FADS2 and PPARγ thereby decreasing lipid accumulation through the TGFβ RII-Smad2 dependent pathway. The successful growth of these primary human sebocytes has important clinical application such as the possibility of designing new strategies of culturing engineered skin to enable and maintain the presence of sebaceous glands in skin grafts for burn victims [10,39]. In addition to cell autonomous regulators and signals inducing proliferation and maturation among sebaceous cells, the complex microenvironment surrounding the sebaceous gland might have a profound effect on homeostasis of the tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGFβ signaling regulates lipogenesis in human sebaceous glands cells

et al. 2013

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BackgroundSebaceous glands are components of the skin essential for its normal lubrication by the production of sebum. This contributes to skin health and more importantly is crucial for the skin barrier function. A mechanistic understanding of sebaceous gland cells growth and differentiation has lagged behind that for keratinocytes, partly because of a lack of an in vitro model that can be used for experimental manipulation.MethodsWe have developed an in vitro culture model to isolate and grow primary human sebocytes without transformation that display functional characteristics of sebocytes. We used this novel method to probe the effect of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) signaling on sebocyte differentiation, by examining the expression of genes involved in lipogenesis upon treatment with TGFβ1. We also repressed TGFβ signaling through knockdown of the TGFβ Receptor II to address if the effect of TGFβ activation is mediated via canonical Smad signal transduction.ResultsWe find that activation of the TGFβ signaling pathway is necessary and sufficient for maintaining sebocytes in an undifferentiated state. The presence of TGFβ ligand triggered decreased expression in genes required for the production of characteristics sebaceous lipids and for sebocyte differentiation such as FADS2 and PPARγ, thereby decreasing lipid accumulation through the TGFβ RII-Smad2 dependent pathway.ConclusionTGFβ signaling plays an essential role in sebaceous gland regulation by maintaining sebocytes in an undifferentiated state. This data was generated using a novel method for human sebocyte culture, which is likely to prove generally useful in investigations of sebaceous gland growth and differentiation. These findings open a new paradigm in human skin biology with important implications for skin therapies.

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“…En face images parallel to the skin surface were processed at 700‐ or 900‐μm beneath the skin surface to measure the sebaceous gland area. These positions were determined in reference to previous studies . The upper part of sebaceous lobules near the sebaceous duct and the middle part of sebaceous lobules appeared 700‐ and 900‐μm beneath the skin surface, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Gender‐ and age‐related differences in facial sebaceous glands in Asian skin, as observed by non‐invasive analysis using three‐dimensional ultrasound microscopy

Sugawara

Nakagawa

Shimizu

et al. 2019

Skin Research and Technology

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Background While determining sebaceous gland morphology is useful in the treatment of skin disorders such as acne, a non‐invasive assessment method has not been developed. Since age and gender affect sebum level, differences in sebaceous gland morphology according to these factors were investigated. Methods Facial skin was measured using a high‐frequency three‐dimensional ultrasound microscope. First, the ultrasound images were compared with skin sections. Next, we assessed sebaceous gland morphology. Images of sebaceous gland in the cheeks of young male, young female and elderly female subjects were obtained using ultrasound microscopy, and en face images were processed to measure the sebaceous gland area. Results In the ultrasound images, sebaceous glands and also thin collagen fibers, which surrounded the glands, could be detected as low‐intensity regions. We called them sebaceous units. In young male subjects, the sebaceous unit areas 900‐μm beneath the skin surface were larger than those at 700 μm. In contrast, depth‐dependent differences in sebaceous unit area were not observed in young female subjects, indicating that males had cauliflower‐shaped sebaceous glands while young females had somewhat more cylindrical and smaller sebaceous glands than the young males. Regarding age, the areas of sebaceous units at 900 μm were diminished and the depth of maximum area was shallower in elderly female subjects compared to young female subjects. Hence, sebaceous glands are considered to shrink with age. Conclusion Differences in facial sebaceous unit morphology between genders as well as by age groups could be observed using high‐frequency ultrasound microscopy.

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Sebaceous Gland Regeneration in Human Skin Xenografts

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

A melanocortin receptor 1 and 5 antagonist inhibits sebaceous gland differentiation and the production of sebum-specific lipids

A melanocortin receptor 1 and 5 antagonist inhibits sebaceous gland differentiation and the production of sebum-specific lipids

TGFβ signaling regulates lipogenesis in human sebaceous glands cells

Gender‐ and age‐related differences in facial sebaceous glands in Asian skin, as observed by non‐invasive analysis using three‐dimensional ultrasound microscopy

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