Seaweed polysaccharides and their potential biomedical applications

Abstract

Over the past two decades numerous studies have been reported on seaweeds-derived polysaccharides for biomedical and biological applications (tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and biosensor). Alginate, carrageenan, fucoidan, and ulvan are widely used marine derived polysaccharides for biological and biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and availability. The gel forming property of alginate has increased its applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery as an extracellular matrix and delivery vehicle, respectively. Other sulfated polysaccharides such as carrageenan and fucoidan show promising application in tissue engineering due to their capacity of inducing important osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation in stem cells. In this review, we explained the extraction/isolation methods and applications of these seaweed derived polysaccharides as well as their roles in therapeutics, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.

Metabolites Unravel Nutraceutical Potential of Edible Seaweeds: An Emerging Source of Functional Food

“…Agar‐type saccharides have the ability to suppress pro‐inflammatory cytokines, decrease blood sugar levels, and absorb UV light (Cardozo et al., ; Hamed, Özogul, Özogul, & Regenstein, ; Kraan, ; Rupérez et al., ). Ulvan has been shown to be an antioxidant in hepatic cells of albino rats, hypolipidemic, and immunostimulatory, as well as having antiproliferative activity (Asztalos & Schaefer, ; Cluzet et al., ; El Baky, Baz, & Baroty, ; Leiro, Castro, Arranz, & Lamas, ; Qi et al., ; Rao, Sathivel, & Devaki, ; Venkatesan et al., ). Fucoidans from seaweeds have been shown to be antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic in many cell lines such as HepG2, HeLa, HL‐60, and CT‐26, which may be due to their mechanism of cancer‐cell growth inhibition or boosting the immune system (Haneji et al., ; Li, Lu, Wei, & Zhao, ; Synytsya et al., ; Venkatesan et al., ).…”

Molecularly Imprinted Materials for Selective Biological Recognition

“…They are not only essential components of life, but also related to the regulation of biological signals . Therefore, separation and identification of polysaccharides are of great significance . However, similar to that of proteins and nucleic acids, the main design obstacle of polysaccharide imprinting remains the macromolecular structure.…”

Zeewier en natuurlijk kapitaal : kansen voor een biobased economy

“…Onderzoek naar diverse gezondsheidseffecten van zeewier (Venkatesan et al, 2015;Milledge et al, 2015) Grondstof voor groene chemie Experimenteel onderzoek en proof of principle (Van der Wal et al, 2013) Biofertilizer Gebruik voor stimuleren van plantengroei in land-en tuinbouw (Hernandez-Herrera, 2014). Kan ook het restproduct uit bioraffinage betreffen (Costa et al, 2012) Biobrandstoffen Experimenteel onderzoek toont technische haalbaarheid aan (Milledge et al, 2014).…”