Seasonality, age structure and reproduction of Leptodactylus (Lithodytes) lineatus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) in Rondônia state, southwestern Amazon, Brazil

Abstract

Leptodactylus(Lithodytes) lineatus (Schneider, 1799) is an Amazonian leaf litter frog considered rare or uncommon in several studies on anuran communities. Despite being a widely distributed frog in Amazonian forests, knowledge of the biology and ecology of this species is relatively scarce. This species has been reported to live in association with leaf-cutter ant nests (Atta spp.) during the breeding period. In this paper we present data on the seasonality of this species and some reproductive information gathered at a locality of Rondônia state, northwestern Brazil. Field work was carried out between April 2001 and March 2002, with the use of pitfall traps with drift fences as a survey method. Leptodactylus (L.) lineatus had a higher capture frequency in this locality compared to that of other studies carried out in other Amazonian localities, possibly because this species has secretive habits, such as calling and breeding from nests of leaf-cutting ants, and are difficult to find during visual encounter surveys. The breeding period occurs between October and March. Calling males and egg-bearing females were found between September and February and juvenile recruitment occurred mainly from the end of the rainy season to the beginning of the dry season (February to June). Males and females show sexual dimorphism in SVL, females being significantly larger than males. The number of ovarian eggs per female varies from 110 to 328 and analyses indicate that there is a significant correlation with SVL.

Skin glands, poison and mimicry in dendrobatid and leptodactylid amphibians

“…Adult specimens of both species (N = 8) and young L. lineatus ( N = 2; <3.4 cm; Bernarde et al,2009) were sacrificed with an overdose of thionembutal (30 mg/kg) and fixed by immersion and injection with paraformaldehyde (4%) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) buffer (0.1 mol l −1 , pH 7.2) for 8–10 h. Transversal stripes of skin were removed with blade at five points along the dorsum (including head) and three points of the dorsal surface of the right thigh (Fig. 2), sampling regions of black (dorsum and thigh), yellow (dorsum) and orange (thigh) color.…”

Diversidade local e influência da sazonalidade sobre taxocenoses de anfíbios e répteis na Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes, Acre, Brasil

“…No entanto, assim como em demais localidades da Amazônia, poucos estudos avaliaram variações temporais na ocorrência e abundância das espécies (Bernarde & Abe, 2006;Menin et al, 2008;Bernarde & Kokubum, 2009).…”

Constant breeding and low survival rates in the subtropical Striped Frog in southern Brazil

“… Comparisons of anuran breeding seasons as reported in the literature showing the contrast between the year‐round cycle and others (the study species is underlined). Sources: Bernarde & Kokubum, ; Guimarães et al ., ; De‐Carvalho et al ., ; Muniz et al ., ; Kokubum & Giaretta, ; Prado & Uetanabaro, ; Rodrigues et al ., ; Brasileiro & Martins, ; Toledo & Haddad, ; Lucas et al ., ; Zina & Haddad, ; Abrunhosa & Wogel, ; Martins, ; Van Sluys et al ., ; Giasson & Haddad, ; Hartmann et al ., ; Miranda et al ., ; Lima et al ., ; Maragno & Cechin, ; Melchiors et al ., . …”

New records and distribution map of Gold-striped Frog, Lithodytes lineatus (Schneider, 1799) (Anura, Leptodactylidae), in an ecotonal zone in Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…In Brazil, L. lineatus has been reported for the states of Amazonas (Lima et al 2006;França and Venâncio 2010), Acre (Bernarde et al 2011;, Pará (Bernardo et al 2012), Rondônia (Bernarde 2007;Bernarde and Macedo 2008;Bernarde and Kokubum 2009), the northern portion of Mato Grosso (São Pedro et al 2009;Noronha et al 2015) and Maranhão (Freitas et al 2014). There are also records of this species from transition zones between the Amazon and Cerrado ecoregions (Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests and Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands biomes, respectively) in the states of Mato Grosso (Bitar et al 2012) and Tocantins (Cintra et al 2014;Thaler et al 2020), and in the Chiquitano Dry Forest Ecoregion (Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests biome) in Bolivia (Harvey et al 1998).…”

Estudos toxinológicos do ouriço-do-mar Echinometra lucunter.

“…Adult specimens of both species (N 5 8) and young L. lineatus (N 5 2; <3.4 cm; Bernarde et al, 2009) were sacrificed with an overdose of thionembutal (30 mg/kg) and fixed by immersion and injection with paraformaldehyde (4%) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) buffer (0.1 mol l 21 , pH 7.2) for 8-10 h. Transversal…”