Seasonal variation of HUS occurrence and VTEC infection in children with acute diarrhoea from Argentina

Rivero, Mariana; Passucci, Juan; Rodríguez, Edgardo; Parma, A

doi:10.1007/s10096-011-1418-4

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Higher campylobacter prevalence in flocks and retail meat in summer have also been shown [56]. Summer peaks in human VTEC infection have been associated with ground beef consumption [57] with similar findings for other bacterial pathogens [58], [59]. For food borne illnesses, sustained warmer temperatures could increase length of transmission seasons, enhancing opportunities for food handling errors leading to seasonal enteric disease outbreaks [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Seasonality in Human Zoonotic Enteric Diseases: A Systematic Review

et al. 2012

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Background Although seasonality is a defining characteristic of many infectious diseases, few studies have described and compared seasonal patterns across diseases globally, impeding our understanding of putative mechanisms. Here, we review seasonal patterns across five enteric zoonotic diseases: campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, vero-cytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC), cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in the context of two primary drivers of seasonality: (i) environmental effects on pathogen occurrence and pathogen-host associations and (ii) population characteristics/behaviour. Methodology/Principal Findings We systematically reviewed published literature from 1960–2010, resulting in the review of 86 studies across the five diseases. The Gini coefficient compared temporal variations in incidence across diseases and the monthly seasonality index characterised timing of seasonal peaks. Consistent seasonal patterns across transnational boundaries, albeit with regional variations was observed. The bacterial diseases all had a distinct summer peak, with identical Gini values for campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis (0.22) and a higher index for VTEC (Gini = 0.36). Cryptosporidiosis displayed a bi-modal peak with spring and summer highs and the most marked temporal variation (Gini = 0.39). Giardiasis showed a relatively small summer increase and was the least variable (Gini = 0.18). Conclusions/Significance Seasonal variation in enteric zoonotic diseases is ubiquitous, with regional variations highlighting complex environment-pathogen-host interactions. Results suggest that proximal environmental influences and host population dynamics, together with distal, longer-term climatic variability could have important direct and indirect consequences for future enteric disease risk. Additional understanding of the concerted influence of these factors on disease patterns may improve assessment and prediction of enteric disease burden in temperate, developed countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Seasonality in Human Zoonotic Enteric Diseases: A Systematic Review

et al. 2012

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“…These dynamics may help explain our findings of an independent association between infection during spring months and the significantly increased likelihood of hospitalization and a trend toward the increased likelihood of HUS, as may also, perhaps, the unexpectedly lower rates of HUS during the fall months. Indeed, the seasonal occurrence of HUS has been previously described [5,34,35]. However interested in assessing the interactions between the four seasons and the six isolated Shiga toxin genotypes documented in the present data, such analysis was limited by the overall (72.2% of all isolates) and seasonal (67.8 to 78.6% of the isolates in a given season) predominance of stx 1a stx 2a isolates, and the small numbers of isolates of each remaining genotype in a given season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 in the Province of Alberta, Canada, 2009–2016

Lisboa

Szelewicki

Latonas

et al. 2019

Toxins

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Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections are the product of the interaction between bacteria, phages, animals, humans, and the environment. In the late 1980s, Alberta had one of the highest incidences of STEC infections in North America. Herein, we revisit and contextualize the epidemiology of STEC O157 human infections in Alberta for the period 2009–2016. STEC O157 infections were concentrated in large urban centers, but also in rural areas with high cattle density. Hospitalization was often required when the Shiga toxin genotype stx2a stx2c was involved, however, only those aged 60 years or older and infection during spring months (April to June) independently predicted that need. Since the late 1980s, the rate of STEC O157-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in Alberta has remained unchanged at 5.1%, despite a marked drop in the overall incidence of the infection. While Shiga toxin genotypes stx1a stx2c and stx2a stx2c seemed associated with HUS, only those aged under 10 years and infection during spring months were independently predictive of that complication. The complexity of the current epidemiology of STEC O157 in Alberta highlights the need for a One Health approach for further progress to be made in mitigating STEC morbidity.

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“…In contrast, human infections collectively associated with non-O157 E . coli appear to exhibit less seasonality [ 50 ]. The lack of seasonal variation in virulence genes carried by isolates, year-round shedding and survival of the prevalent O103 serogroup, and potentially heightened cold-season survival of serogroups such as O45 observed in the present study may also account for the reduced seasonality of non-O157 infections in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Season and Feedlot Location on Prevalence and Virulence Factors of Seven Serogroups of Escherichia coli in Feces of Western-Canadian Slaughter Cattle

Stanford¹,

Johnson

Alexander

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Pooled feces collected over two years from 1749 transport trailers hauling western-Canadian slaughter cattle were analysed by PCR for detection of Escherichia coli serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157. Sequential immunomagnetic separation was then used to collect bacterial isolates (n = 1035) from feces positive for target serogroups. Isolated bacteria were tested by PCR to confirm serogroup and the presence of eae, ehxA, stx1, and stx2 virulence genes. Based on PCR screening, serogroup prevalence in feces ranged from 7.0% (O145) to 94.4% (O103) with at least 3 serogroups present in 79.5% of samples. Origin of cattle affected serogroup PCR prevalence and O157 was most prevalent in feces from south-west Alberta (P < 0.001). All serogroups demonstrated seasonal variations in PCR prevalence, with O26, O45, O103, O121, and O157 least prevalent (P < 0.001) in cooler winter months, while uncommon serogroups O111 and O145 increased in prevalence during winter (P < 0.001). However, isolates collected during winter were predominantly from serogroups O103 and O45. No seasonal variation was noted in proportion of isolates which were Shiga toxin containing E. coli (STEC; P = 0.18) or positive for Shiga toxin and eae (enterohemorrhagic E. coli; EHEC; P = 0.29). Isolates of serogroups O111, O145, and O157 were more frequently EHEC than were others, although 37.6–54.3% of isolates from other serogroups were also EHEC. Shiga-toxin genes present also varied by geographic origin of cattle (P < 0.05) in all serogroups except O157. As cattle within feedlots are sourced from multiple regions, locational differences in serogroup prevalence and virulence genes imply existence of selection pressures for E. coli and their virulence in western-Canadian cattle. Factors which reduce carriage or expression of virulence genes, particularly in non-O157 serogroups, should be investigated.

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Seasonal variation of HUS occurrence and VTEC infection in children with acute diarrhoea from Argentina

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Seasonality in Human Zoonotic Enteric Diseases: A Systematic Review

Seasonality in Human Zoonotic Enteric Diseases: A Systematic Review

Epidemiology of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 in the Province of Alberta, Canada, 2009–2016

Influence of Season and Feedlot Location on Prevalence and Virulence Factors of Seven Serogroups of Escherichia coli in Feces of Western-Canadian Slaughter Cattle

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