Seasonal dynamics of gut microbiota in a cohort of wild Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) in western China

Xia, Tianrui; Yao, Yongfang; Dong, Meichen; Wu, Yuhan; Li, Diyan; Xie, Meng; Ni, Qingyong; Zhang, Mingwang; Xu, Huailiang

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01409

Cited by 22 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…At family level, consistent with the study of Xia et al ( 40 ), Ruminococcaceae was the dominant microbiota in the intestine and is not affected by the season. Ruminococcaceae is the main microorganisms in the intestinal tract of ruminants and is important for the degradation of cellulose and starch ( 21 , 41 , 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seasonal Differences in Fecal Microbial Community Structure and Metabolism of House-Feeding Chinese Merino Fine-Wool Sheep

Zhang

Shahzad

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The digestive tract microorganisms play a very important role in the host's nutrient intake, environmental suitability, and affect the host's physiological mechanism. Previous studies showed that in different seasons, mammalian gut microbes would be different. However, most of them are concentrated in wild animals. It remains unclear how seasonal change affects the gut microbes of Chinese merino fine-wool Sheep. Therefore, in this experiment, we continuously collected blood and feces samples of 50 Chinese merino fine-wool sheep in different seasons, measured the physiological indicators of blood, and passed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, determined the microbial community structure of fecal microorganisms and predicted flora function by PICRUSt. The results of blood physiological indicators showed that WBC, Neu and Bas in spring were significantly higher than those of other seasons. Fecal microbial sequencing revealed seasonal changes in gut microbial diversity and richness. Among them, Chinese merino fine-wool sheep had the highest gut microbes in summer. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, and they were unaffected by seasonal fluctuations. LEfSE analysis was used to analyze representative microorganisms in different seasons. The Lachnospiraceae and its genera (Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, g_unclassified_f_ Lachnospiraceae) were representative microorganisms in the three seasons of spring, summer and winter with harsh environmental conditions; while in autumn with better environmental conditions, the Ruminococcaceae and its genus (Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005) were the representative microorganism. In autumn, the ABC transporter and the pyruvate metabolic pathway were significantly higher than other seasons. Correlation analysis results showed that Lachnospiraceae participated in the ABC transporters metabolic pathway, which caused changes in the blood physiological indicators. Overall, our results showed that, in response to seasonal changes, Chinese merino fine-wool sheep under house-feeding have adjusted their own gut microbial community structure, causing changes in the metabolism, and thus changing the physiological conditions of the blood. In the cold season, producers should focus on regulating the nutritional level of feed, enhancing the level of butyric acid in young animals to increase the ABC transporter, resist the external harsh environment, and improve the survival rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seasonal Differences in Fecal Microbial Community Structure and Metabolism of House-Feeding Chinese Merino Fine-Wool Sheep

Zhang

Shahzad

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Another characteristic of the leaf-feeding season was the highest gut microbial diversity. Similar tendencies were reported for Tibetan macaques and humans having a higher gut microbial diversity in leaf-eating winter [ 46 , 47 ] or with higher intake of high-fiber foods [ 48 ]. A study on three lemur species also showed folivorous sifakas ( Propithecus coquereli ) had a greater gut microbial diversity than frugivorous lemurs [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Seasonal responses and host uniqueness of gut microbiome of Japanese macaques in lowland Yakushima

et al. 2022

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Background Changes in the gut microbial composition is an important response to cope with the seasonal fluctuations in the environment such as food availability. We examined the bacterial gut microbiome of the wild nonhuman primate, Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) in Yakushima over 13 months by noninvasive continuous sampling from three identified adult females. Results Dietary composition varied considerably over the study period and displayed marked shifts with the seasons. Feeding of leaves, fruits, and invertebrates were their main foods for at least one month. Diet had a significant influence on the gut microbiome. We also confirmed significant effect of host uniqueness in the gut microbiome among the three macaques. Leaf-dominated diet shaped unique gut microbiome structures where the macaques had the highest alpha diversity and their gut microbiome was enriched with Spirochaetes and Tenericutes. Diet-related differences in the putative function were detected, such as a differentially abundant urea cycle during the leaf-feeding season. Conclusion Both diet and host individuality exerted similar amounts of effect on gut microbe community composition. Major bacterial taxa showed a similar response to monthly fluctuations of fruit and invertebrate feeding, which was largely opposite to that of leaf feeding. The main constituents of fruits and invertebrates are both digestible with the enzyme of the host animals, but that of leaves is not available as an energy source without the aid of the fermentation of the gut microbiome.

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“…Therefore, differences in the relative abundance of lipid metabolism of gut microbes that were identified between species were to adapt to different fatty acid contents of food. The highest abundance was identified in the KEGG pathway of membrane transport in SW. A previous study showed that this pathway may help hosts increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption and adapt to low-temperature environments ( Xia et al, 2021 ). SW (herbivore) is distributed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and its tributaries (low water temperature) and feeds on periphytic algae (e.g., diatoms and Cyanobacteria) ( Yue, 2000 ; Huang, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Species Influence the Gut Microbiota of Endemic Cold-Water Fish in Upper Yangtze River

Peng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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The fish gut microbiome plays an important role in nutrition absorption and energy metabolism. Studying the gut microbes of cold-water fish is important to understand the dietary adaptation strategies in extreme environments. In this study, the gut samples of Schizothorax wangchiachii (SW, herbivorous), Schizothorax kozlovi (SK, omnivorous), and Percocypris pingi (PP, carnivorous) in the upper Yangtze River were collected, and we sequenced 16S rRNA amplicon to study the potential relationship between gut microbes and host species. The results showed that gut microbial composition and diversity were significantly different between the three cold-water fishes. These fishes had different key taxa in their gut microbes, including bacteria involved in the breakdown of food (e.g., Cetobacterium, Aeromonas, and Clostridium sensu stricto 10). The highest alpha diversity indices (e.g., Chao 1 index) were identified in the herbivore (SW), followed by the carnivore (PP), and the lowest in the omnivore (SK). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) results revealed that the gut microbial community of these species was different between host species. The neutral community model (NCM) showed that the microbial community structure of SW was shaped by stochastic processes, and the highest species dispersal was found in SW, followed by PP, and the lowest in SK. The results of niche breadth agreed with these findings. Our results demonstrated that host species influenced the gut microbiome composition, diversity, and microbial community assembly processes of the three cold-water fishes. These findings implied that the variation of gut microbiome composition and function plays a key role in digesting and absorbing nutrients from different foods in cold-water fish.

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Seasonal dynamics of gut microbiota in a cohort of wild Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) in western China

Cited by 22 publications

References 75 publications

Seasonal Differences in Fecal Microbial Community Structure and Metabolism of House-Feeding Chinese Merino Fine-Wool Sheep

Seasonal Differences in Fecal Microbial Community Structure and Metabolism of House-Feeding Chinese Merino Fine-Wool Sheep

Seasonal responses and host uniqueness of gut microbiome of Japanese macaques in lowland Yakushima

Host Species Influence the Gut Microbiota of Endemic Cold-Water Fish in Upper Yangtze River

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