Seasonal and inter-annual variability in nutrient supply in relation to mixing in the Bay of Biscay

Hartman, M.C.; Hydes, D.J.; Jiang, Zhiping; Smythe-Wright, Denise; González-Pola, César

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.09.032

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…3(a) clearly shows seasonal and geographical differences in temperature, with cool temperatures in the Channel in the early spring ( $ 6 1C) and warm waters (max 23.5 1C) in the southern Bay of Biscay in mid-late summer. Similar seasonal and geographical differences are also reported in previous studies along the same ferry line (Hartman et al, 2013;Garcia-Soto and Pingree, 2009). What is clear is the variability between 481N and 501N in the SW Approaches reflects the tidal mixing and weaker thermocline development in this region (Pingree, 1975).…”

Section: Temperature and Salinitysupporting

confidence: 72%

“…4) and there is a relationship, albeit relatively weak, with lower salinity waters. Similar distributions for other years are reported in Hartman et al (2013) and may be compared to and Pingree and Pennycuick (1975).…”

Section: Nutrientssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Hartman et al (2013) suggests that winter NAO influences winter nitrate levels and minimum sea surface temperatures which is consistent with different wind conditions with positive and negative winter NAO. These responses are discussed in detail for the North Atlantic in Garcia-Soto and Pingree (2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…This comprehensive set of measurements has enabled us to study phytoplankton distributions in the surface waters of the Bay of Biscay and the western English Channel and to compare them with other measurements made at a similar temporal and spatial resolution from the P&O ferry in 2003 and 2004. A companion paper Hartman et al (2013) provides an analysis of the nutrient supply in relation to the mixing in the Bay of Biscay. Measurements of Sea Surface Temperature, PAR irradiance, wind speed and turbulence and phytoplankton concentration for the years 1997-2007 along the same FerryBox line can found in Garcia-Soto and Pingree (2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytoplankton and pigment studies in the Bay of Biscay and English Channel

Smythe-Wright

Daniel

Boswell

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tDuring the final year (2010) of the MV Pride of Bilbao (PoB) ferry operation between Portsmouth (UK) and Bilbao (Spain) a comprehensive phytoplankton data set was collected based on pigments and taxonomy measurements. The work was in support of the EU project ProTool (http://www.protool-project.eu) that aimed to develop an automated system for measuring primary productivity from ships of opportunity. Not unexpectedly, the biological patterns relate to the hydrographic conditions and in general, pigment distributions are indicative of the taxonomy. A predominately diatom bloom was observed in the Bay of Biscay in April, with a mixed population of diatoms, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores throughout the spring and summer, and a very distinctive bloom, which contained a large proportion of the dinoflagellate Karenia Mikimotoi, to the stratified side of the Ushant Front in mid-July.Crown

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Section: Temperature and Salinitysupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Nutrientssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Phytoplankton and pigment studies in the Bay of Biscay and English Channel

Smythe-Wright

Daniel

Boswell

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

Self Cite

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“…17). The modelled deep mixed layer for these years was observed by Hartman et al (2014) from in situ Argo vertical profiles in the Bay of Biscay. These specific years (2009 and 2010) were also associated with cold winters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual evolution of (sub)mesoscale dynamics in the Bay of Biscay

Charria¹,

Theetten²,

Vandermeirsch³

et al. 2017

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. In the north-east Atlantic Ocean, the Bay of Biscay is an intersection between a coastal constrained dynamics (wide continental shelf and shelf break regions) and an eastern boundary circulation system. In this framework, the eddy kinetic energy is 1 order of magnitude lower than in western boundary systems. To explore this coastal complex system, a high-resolution (1 km, 100 vertical sigma layers) model experiment including tidal dynamics over a period of 10 years (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) has been implemented. The ability of the numerical environment to reproduce main patterns over interannual scales is demonstrated. Based on this experiment, the features of the (sub)mesoscale processes are described in the deep part of the region (i.e. abyssal plain and continental slope). A system with the development of mixed layer instabilities at the end of winter is highlighted. Beyond confirming an observed behaviour of seasonal (sub)mesoscale activity in other regions, the simulated period allows exploring the interannual variability of these structures. A relationship between the winter maximum of mixed layer depth and the intensity of (sub)mesoscale related activity (vertical velocity, relative vorticity) is revealed and can be explained by largescale atmospheric forcings (e.g. the cold winter in 2005). The first submesoscale-permitting exploration of this 3-D coastal system shows the importance of (sub)mesoscale activity in this region with its evolution implying a potentially significant impact on vertical and horizontal mixing.

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Winter‐mixing preconditioning of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the Bay of Biscay

González-Gil

Taboada

Cáceres

et al. 2017

Limnology & Oceanography

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The spring phytoplankton bloom plays a key role in the dynamics of temperate and polar seas. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and processes behind these blooms remain a subject of considerable debate. We analyzed the influence of deep mixing during winter on the spring phytoplankton bloom in the Cantabrian Sea (southern Bay of Biscay). To this end, we combined long‐term physical and biogeochemical in situ data (1993–2012) and satellite observations (1997–2012). Deeper winter mixing led to higher nitrate and chlorophyll concentrations through the water column during the spring bloom. However, this effect was modified by short‐term variability in near‐surface stratification in spring. Winter‐mixing preconditioning also influenced different spring bloom metrics: deeper and later mixing in winter was followed by later blooms with a larger peak. In these enhanced blooms, nitrate was taken up at faster rates, indicating higher rates of phytoplankton production. Winters with weaker mixing (that led to weaker spring blooms) were associated with warmer surface temperatures. This relationship suggests that the multi‐decadal trend toward warmer surface temperatures in the Bay of Biscay may promote a decrease in the magnitude of the spring bloom, which could impact upper trophic levels and also deep carbon export in the future.

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Seasonal and inter-annual variability in nutrient supply in relation to mixing in the Bay of Biscay

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

Phytoplankton and pigment studies in the Bay of Biscay and English Channel

Phytoplankton and pigment studies in the Bay of Biscay and English Channel

Interannual evolution of (sub)mesoscale dynamics in the Bay of Biscay

Winter‐mixing preconditioning of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the Bay of Biscay

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