Scrutinizing Domains of Executive Function in Binge Eating Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cury, Maria Elisa Gisbert; Berberian, Arthur de Almeida; Scarpato, Bruno S.; Kerr-Gaffney, Jess; Santos, Flávia Heloísa; Claudino, Angélica Medeiros

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00288

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…Specifically, we ask whether the literature points towards behavioral impulsivity and/or compulsivity, and thus yields mechanistic insights into lapses of control during binge eating episodes. Our review extends recent work on the same constructs in anorexia and bulimia nervosa (Howard et al, 2020) and complements other up-to-date reviews (Cury et al, 2020) by including a wider range of tasks as well as animal and functional neuroimaging studies. Importantly, we note consistencies and inconsistencies across and within translational levels.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Loss of control over eating: A systematic review of task based research into impulsive and compulsive processes in binge eating

Waltmann¹,

Herzog²,

Horstmann³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Recurring episodes of excessive food intake in binge eating disorder can be understood through the lens of behavioral control systems: patients repeat maladaptive behaviors against their explicit intent. Self-report measures show enhanced impulsivity and compulsivity in binge eating (BE). Task-based neurocognitive investigations can tap into processes that lead to such lapses of control. In this systematic review, we synthesize the insights into processes relevant to BE provided by neurocognitive research on behavioral impulsivity and compulsivity in BE in humans and animals, published between 2010-2020. Findings on impulsivity are heterogeneous. Findings on compulsivity are sparse but comparatively consistent, indicating an imbalance of goal-directed and habitual control as well as deficits in reversal learning. We propose to address heterogeneity related to mood states and the temporal dynamics of symptoms and to systematically differentiate contributions of body weight and BE. It is necessary to ascertain the reliability of the metrics employed to further scrutinize the compulsivity findings in order to unravel the computational mechanisms of a potential reinforcement learning deficits.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Loss of control over eating: A systematic review of task based research into impulsive and compulsive processes in binge eating

Waltmann¹,

Herzog²,

Horstmann³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Test meal carbohydrate–fat intake also demonstrated a somewhat strong bridge connection with the EF facet of working memory. A recent meta‐analysis showed that working memory was more impaired in individuals with both BED and obesity versus individuals only with obesity (Cury et al, 2020). It is possible that working memory may emerge as a more relevant or central bridge connection among an EF‐disinhibited eating network of individuals with a full‐threshold diagnosis of BED.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging executive function and disinhibited eating among youth: A network analysis

Byrne

Tanofsky‐Kraff

Lavender³

et al. 2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Poorer executive function (EF) has been linked to disinhibited eating in youth, suggesting poor EF predisposes toward obesity, yet the specific nature and extent of interconnections between facets of these domains is unclear. Network analysis provides a promising framework for elucidating the relationship between poor EF and disinhibited eating, and offers insights into potential maintenance processes. Method Among youth ages 8–17 years, a regularized partial correlation network of EF and disinhibited eating facets was estimated to examine expected influence centrality and bridge expected influence. Computerized neurocognitive tasks assessed EF variables, including decision‐making, general and food‐related inhibitory control, delayed gratification, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Disinhibited eating variables included total carbohydrate–fat intake at a laboratory test meal and self‐reported eating in the absence of hunger, emotional eating, and loss‐of‐control eating severity. Results In the current sample (N = 248; Mage = 12.5; 54.8% female; 43.5% non‐Hispanic White; 25.8% non‐Hispanic Black; BMI %ile = 65.8 ± 27.8), emotional eating in response to depressive symptoms emerged as a central symptom in the network. Carbohydrate–fat intake had the highest bridge expected influence and was most strongly connected to general inhibitory control (part r = .14). Discussion The link between general inhibitory control and objective palatable food intake may be particularly salient in maintaining maladaptive eating behavior. Interventions targeting behavioral disinhibition may disrupt associations among a network of disinhibited eating facets in youth and should be targets for longitudinal research.

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“…The findings of studies in BED on executive functioning however are mixed and the number of studies is limited (Kittel, Brauhardt, & Hilbert, 2015;Lavagnino, Arnone, Cao, Soares, & Selvaraj, 2016;Van den Eynde et al, 2011;Voon, 2015;Wu et al, 2014Wu et al, , 2016Wu, Hartmann, Skunde, Herzog, & Friederich, 2013). A recent meta-analysis (Cury et al, 2020) showed alterations in working memory of individuals with BED, relative to obese people without the disorder however the effect size was small. For the other domains (inhibitory control, decision making and cognitive flexibility), no differences in performance were found between the two groups.…”

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms rather than executive functioning predict group cognitive behavioural therapy outcome in binge eating disorder

Dingemans

Son

Vanhaelen

et al. 2020

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Executive functions play an important role in mediating self-control and selfregulation. It has been suggested that the inability to control eating in Binge Eating Disorder (BED) may indicate inefficiencies in executive functioning. This study investigated whether executive functioning predicted cognitive behavioural therapy outcome in BED while accounting for other possible predictors: depressive symptoms, interpersonal factors, eating disorder psychopathology, and self-esteem. Executive functioning and other predictors were assessed in 91 patients with BED by means of neuropsychological tests and questionnaires at baseline. Eating disorder (ED) symptoms were assessed during treatment at variable time points. Potential predictor variables were investigated using multivariate Cox regression models. Recovery was defined by means of two different indicators based on the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire: (a) showing a 50% reduction in baseline symptom ED severity and/or reaching the clinical significance cutoff ; and (b) achieving abstinence of objective binge eating. Severity of depressive symptoms was a significant predictor for outcome on both indicators. Patients with no or mild depressive symptoms recovered faster (i.e., 50% reduction in ED symptoms and abstinence of objective binge eating) than those with severe depressive symptoms, which is in line with previous studies. Executive functioning was not related to treatment outcome in this study.

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Scrutinizing Domains of Executive Function in Binge Eating Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract: tests and outcome measures, in order to enable more pertinent comparisons across studies.

Cited by 40 publications

References 74 publications

Loss of control over eating: A systematic review of task based research into impulsive and compulsive processes in binge eating

Loss of control over eating: A systematic review of task based research into impulsive and compulsive processes in binge eating

Bridging executive function and disinhibited eating among youth: A network analysis

Depressive symptoms rather than executive functioning predict group cognitive behavioural therapy outcome in binge eating disorder

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