Screening, prevalence, and risk factors for cervical lesions among HIV positive and HIV negative women in Swaziland

Jolly, Pauline E.; Mthethwa-Hleta, Simangele; Padilla, Luz A.; Pettis, Jessica; Winston, ShaCoria; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Turner, Hannah J.; Ejiawoko, Amarachi; Brooks, Raina D.; Preko, Lena; Preko, Peter

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4120-3

Cited by 37 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To our knowledge, no previous study on predictors of VIA positivity has assessed the mutually adjusted effect of HrHPV and HIV. In accordance with our findings, some recent cross‐sectional studies from developing African countries have reported increased risk of VIA positivity among HIV‐positive women . Only few studies have assessed HrHPV as a risk factor for VIA positivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors associated with a cervical high‐grade lesion on cytology or a positive visual inspection with acetic acid among more than 3300 Tanzanian women

Baldur-Felskov

Mwaiselage

Faber

et al. 2018

Tropical Med Int Health

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Objectives Cervical cancer screening by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) is a widely used alternative to cytology in developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors associated with a positive VIA test and with cervical high‐grade lesions on cytology. Methods We conducted a large cross‐sectional study among 3339 women from urban and rural Tanzania. Study participants were interviewed about socio‐demographic, reproductive and lifestyle factors. Blood samples were tested for HIV, and a gynaecological examination was performed. Human papillomavirus (HPV) status was determined by Hybrid Capture 2, and HPV genotyping was done using the LiPA Extra test. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Results The strongest risk factors for VIA positivity were positivity to HIV (OR = 3.48; 95% CI: 2.34–5.17) or to high‐risk HPV (HrHPV) (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.37–2.85). HrHPV was by far the strongest predictor of high‐grade cytology (OR = 110.1; 95% CI: 50.4–240.4), while there was no significant association with HIV in the multivariable analysis (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 0.78–2.08). After adjustment for HrHPV, HIV and age, the risk of high‐grade cytology also increased with increasing age, number of births and low body mass index (BMI), while high BMI decreased the risk of VIA positivity. Conclusions Infection with HrHPV is a major risk factor for high‐grade cytology, while VIA positivity is associated with HIV and to a lesser extent with HrHPV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors associated with a cervical high‐grade lesion on cytology or a positive visual inspection with acetic acid among more than 3300 Tanzanian women

Baldur-Felskov

Mwaiselage

Faber

et al. 2018

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…Women who had multiple sexual partners in their lifetime were 2.67 times more likely to have the precancerous lesion of the cervix than those who had no multiple sexual partners. This is in line with studies done in Côte D’Ivoire [ 43 ], Swaziland [ 44 ], Kenya [ 45 ], united states [ 46 ], Italy [ 47 ], and Tanzania [ 48 ]. Women having multiple sexual partners may be exposed to factors predisposing to the precancerous lesions of the cervix such as HIV and STI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Precancerous lesions of the cervix and its determinants among Ethiopian women: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Tsehay

Afework

2020

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Precancerous lesions of the cervix are changes in cervical cells that make them more likely to develop into cancer. Understanding the prevalence and determinants of the precancerous lesions of the cervix among women helps to take an action like vaccination programs, improving screening coverage, and close management and follow-up which could decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by cervical cancer. Materials and methods The international databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Cochrane Library and unpublished reports were systematically searched. Two authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format. STATA 14 statistical software was employed to analyse the data. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I 2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity between the studies. A random-effect model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous lesions of the cervix in Ethiopia. Determinants of the precancerous lesion of cervix (early initiation of sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted infection) were analysed. Results Thirteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and included in the meta-analysis. The I 2 test result showed high heterogeneity (I2, 93.2%, p = <0.001). Using the random effect analysis, the pooled prevalence of precancerous lesions of the cervix among women in Ethiopia was 14.21% (95% CI (10.49, 17.94). After adjusting of publication bias using trim-and-fill method, the pooled prevalence was 9.43% (95% CI (5.23, 13.62). Women who had multiple sexual partners in their lifetime (OR:2.67 CI: 1.49,4.79) and had a history of sexually transmitted infections (OR:6.22 CI: 2.99,12.92) were more likely to have a precancerous lesion of the cervix. Conclusion The pooled prevalence of the precancerous lesions of the cervix among Ethiopian women was 9.43%. It was associated with having multiple sexual partners and a history of sexually transmitted infections.

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“…Liu, et al 24 reported that number of partners was highly associated with cervical cancer from the meta-analysis. Whereas several studies [25][26][27] reported that women's number of partners and history of STIs were associated with cervical cancer among the women in South Africa. However, the study of Obiri-Yeboah 28 reported that age of women and circumcision status of main sexual partner were associated with cervical cancer, but no association was found with number of partners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Abnormal Cervical Cell among the Hmong and Mien Hill Tribe Women in Pha Yao Province, Thailand

2019

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Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to determine factor associated with abnormal cervical cell among the Hmong and Mien hill tribe women. Methods: A cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence and to determine the factors associated with abnormal cervical cell among the Hmong and Mien hill tribe women living in Pha Yao province, Thailand was conducted. The data from validated questionnaires and Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test results were collected. Logistic regression was used to detect the associations between variables and abnormal cervical cell at the significant level of alpha = 0.05. Results: Totally, 450 Hmong and Mien women were recruited into the analysis. The overall prevalence of abnormal cervical cell was 2.2%; 1.2% were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 0.4% were atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H), 0.4% were cervical intraepithelium neoplasia-I (CIN-I) and 0.2% were cervical intraepithelium neoplasia-II (CIN-II). Two variables, the number of their sexual partners and the number of husbands' sexual partners, were significantly associated with abnormal cervical cell. The women who had ≥ 4 sexual partners had a 7.09 times (95%CI=1.85-27.17) more likely to have abnormal cervical cell than those who had < 4 sexual partners. The women whose husbands had ≥ 4 partners had a 5.63 times (95%CI=1.51-20.90) more likely to have abnormal cervical cell than those whose husbands had < 4 sexual partners. Conclusion: The number of sexual partners is significantly associated with abnormal cervical cell among the Hmong and Mien hill tribe women. Health interventions regarding safe sex should be promoted in the hill tribe people.

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Screening, prevalence, and risk factors for cervical lesions among HIV positive and HIV negative women in Swaziland

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Factors associated with a cervical high‐grade lesion on cytology or a positive visual inspection with acetic acid among more than 3300 Tanzanian women

Factors associated with a cervical high‐grade lesion on cytology or a positive visual inspection with acetic acid among more than 3300 Tanzanian women

Precancerous lesions of the cervix and its determinants among Ethiopian women: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Abnormal Cervical Cell among the Hmong and Mien Hill Tribe Women in Pha Yao Province, Thailand

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