Screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) utilizing combined mini‐mental‐cognitive capacity examinations for identifying dementia prodromes

Xu, Gelin; Meyer, John Stirling; Thornby, John; Chowdhury, Munir; Quach, Minh

doi:10.1002/gps.744

Cited by 89 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This is an interesting pattern of results because studies on AD have consistently found episodic memory functioning to be impaired preclinically. 4,16 The present findings confirm previous observations that cognitive impairment might be an early sign of VaD as well as AD [5][6][7][8][9][10] and provide further evidence of similarities in the pattern of cognitive deficits before diagnosis in these dementia disorders. 6,7 At time of diagnosis, the incident VaD group showed deficits on all MMSE subscales except reading and writing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…3,4 A more recent observation is that cognitive deficits may be present during the years before a VaD diagnosis. [5][6][7][8][9][10] In 2 previous studies, we found deficits in global cognitive functioning, 6 as measured by the MiniMental State Examination (MMSE), 11 as well as in episodic memory 7 in persons who developed VaD 3 years later compared with normal controls. Relatedly, using the MMSE, Meyer et al 9 observed deficits and a faster decline during the following 6 months in a group of cognitively impaired persons who developed VaD an average of 4 years later compared with a group with stable cognitive impairment.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Cognitive Functioning in Preclinical Vascular Dementia

Laukka

Jones

Fratiglioni

et al. 2004

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Recent studies have shown that cognitive deficits are present during the years preceding a diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD). The aims of this study were to (1) extend previous research by examining whether cognitive deficits are already present 6 years before diagnosis, and (2) examine the strength of the association between cognitive performance and a future VaD diagnosis after controlling for previous vascular disorders. Methods-Subjects from a population-based study of very old persons (Ն75) were examined with a test of global cognitive functioning (the Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]) at 3 occasions over a 6-year period. The study sample was nondemented the first 2 measurement times. On the last occasion, 22 individuals were diagnosed with VaD, and 450 persons remained nondemented. Results-The preclinical VaD group showed no MMSE deficits 6 years before diagnosis (PϾ0.10) compared with the controls. However, 3 years before diagnosis, poor cognitive performance was significantly associated with forthcoming VaD after controlling for demographic factors and prior vascular disorders (odds ratio, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.67 to 3.89). Conclusions-This study extends previous findings on preclinical cognitive deficits in VaD and suggests that cognitive measures can be useful in the process of recognizing individuals at risk for developing VaD to initiate early treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 92%

Cognitive Functioning in Preclinical Vascular Dementia

Laukka

Jones

Fratiglioni

et al. 2004

Stroke

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“…To do this, we ran a PubMed search for MCI or cognitive impairment no dementia to identify and review all articles published on or before November 30, 2004, which studied normal aging vs. MCI and published sensitivity, specificity, and sample size (14,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Studies were excluded if they did not report these values for a normal-aging vs. MCI sample or included subjects with MD or moderate dementia because they would spuriously raise sensitivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

[O2‐05‐01]: Methods to improve the detection of mild cognitive impairment

Shankle¹,

Romney

Dick

2005

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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We examined whether the performance of the National Institute of Aging's Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease's 10-word list (CWL), part of the consortium's neuropsychological battery, can be improved for detecting Alzheimer's disease and related disorders early. We focused on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia because these stages often go undetected, and their detection is important for treatment. Using standardized diagnostic criteria combined with history, physical examination, and cognitive, laboratory, and neuroimaging studies, we staged 471 community-dwelling subjects for dementia severity by using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. We then used correspondence analysis (CA) to derive a weighted score for each subject from their item responses over the three immediate-and one delayed-recall trials of the CWL. These CA-weighted scores were used with logistic regression to predict each subject's probability of impairment, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to measure accuracy. For MCI vs. normal, accuracy was 97% [confidence interval (C.I.) 97-98%], sensitivity was 94% (C.I. 93-95%), and specificity was 89% (C.I. 88 -91%). For MCI͞mild dementia vs. normal, accuracy was 98% (C.I. 98 -99%), sensitivity was 96% (C.I. 95-97%), and specificity was 91% (C.I. 89 -93%). MCI sensitivity was 12% higher (without lowering specificity) than that obtained with the delayed-recall total score (the standard method for CWL interpretation). Optimal positive and negative predictive values were 100% and at least 96.6%. These results show that CA-weighted scores can significantly improve early detection of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders.

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“…Interested individuals were included if they (1) were aged 20 years or older; (2) used a wheelchair as their primary means for mobility (at least 4 h each day); (3) had a diagnosis of SCI; (4) were able to communicate in English; and (5) scored above 24 on the Cognitive Competency Screening Evaluation. 10 We excluded individuals who had received a new wheelchair within the past 6 months. An a priori sample size of 50 was determined to be necessary on the basis of testing of the hypothesis 11 that the intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient was X0.80 (a ¼ 0.05 and b ¼ 0.20) and to determine statistically significant correlations of r40.35 (a ¼ 0.05 and b ¼ 0.20) when assessing validity.…”

Section: Design and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement properties of the wheelchair outcome measure in individuals with spinal cord injury

2011

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Study design: One-week retest methodological study. Objectives: To assess the reliability and validity of the wheelchair outcome measure (WhOM) in a sample of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Methods: The WhOM measures the impact of wheelchair interventions on a user's self-selected participation outcomes. The WhOM was administered to 50 participants on two occasions by the same rater, 1 week apart, to assess test-retest reliability. To determine inter-rater reliability, the WhOM was administered a third time approximately 72 h later by a different rater. Validity was evaluated by correlating scores from the WhOM with scores from the Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H). Results: The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 2, 2 ) for the WhOM satisfaction (Sat) and WhOM importance (Impt) Â Sat scores were 0.83 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72-0.90) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.79-0.93), respectively. The inter-rater ICC for the WhOM Sat and WhOM Impt Â Sat scores were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85-0.95) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83-0.94), respectively. As hypothesized, most scores on the WhOM were fair to moderate (r ¼ 0.3-0.5) and positively correlated with scores on the LIFE-H. Conclusion: The WhOM is a new outcome measure that demonstrates good reliability and validity among individuals with SCI. It is designed to assist wheelchair users identify and evaluate the impact of wheelchair interventions on participation level outcomes. The WhOM may be applicable for clinicalor research-oriented purposes.

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Screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) utilizing combined mini‐mental‐cognitive capacity examinations for identifying dementia prodromes

Cited by 89 publications

References 51 publications

Cognitive Functioning in Preclinical Vascular Dementia

Cognitive Functioning in Preclinical Vascular Dementia

[O2‐05‐01]: Methods to improve the detection of mild cognitive impairment

Measurement properties of the wheelchair outcome measure in individuals with spinal cord injury

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