Screening based on incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care center in India: are Indian infants different?

Balakrishnan, Umamaheswari; Shaik, Shafi Jan Mohammad; Manian, Nivetha; Muthukumar, M.; Thomas, Mary; Amboiram, Prakash; Chandrasekaran, Ashok; Ramaswamy, Saravanan

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20162263

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…It is a vaso-proliferative eye disease in premature babies characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina that can cause retinal detachment and eventually lead to blindness 2 . Annually in India, nearly 1.2 million babies are prone to develop ROP 3 . The reported risk factors for ROP include low birth weight, low gestational age, gender, ethnicity, light exposure, blood transfusion and other maternal risk factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An interplay of microglia and matrix metalloproteinase MMP9 under hypoxic stress regulates the opticin expression in retina

Patnaik

Rai

Jalali

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases. We have shown earlier an increase in the activity of matrix metalloproteinases in the vitreous and tears of preterm born babies with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) compared to those with no-ROP leading to a shift in the balance of angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], matrix metalloproteinase [MMPs], complement component [C3]) and anti-angiogenic (opticin, thrombospondin) in ROP eyes. We now confirmed that tear MMP levels in premature infants perfectly correlates with disease severity. Next, we demonstrated that a reduced opticin levels in ROP vitreous are regulated by MMPs secreted by activated microglia. Upon exposing the human microglia cell line (CHME3) to hypoxia, an increased expression of inflammatory proteins (MMP9, VEGF) was noticed while opticin reduced significantly (p = 0.005). Further, the reduced opticin’s expression by microglial cells under hypoxia could be rescued by inhibiting the MMP activity using doxycycline and EDTA. The inhibition of MMP activity altered the expression of other key signaling molecules under hypoxia. Our study clearly explains that increased activity of MMPs under hypoxia regulates the expression of opticin as seen in the vitreous humor of ROP and could serve as a potential target for ROP management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%