Screening and prevention of colorectal cancer

Kanth, Priyanka; Inadomi, John M.

doi:10.1136/bmj.n1855

Cited by 182 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…The majority of CRC is caused by pre-cancerous polyps, which are classified as either classic tubular adenomas or serrated polyps (4). Early detection and subsequent colonoscopic polypectomy (or surgery for malignant lesions) have improved significantly survival rates in recent years, but CRC screening rates in the general population remain relatively low due to a lack of distinct clinical symptoms and reliable screening approaches (5,6), and information on participation and diagnostic yield of population-based CRC screening in China are limited (7). Thus, there is an urgent requirement to actively elucidate the pathogenesis of CRC and identify effective screening markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Colorectal Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. The etiology and pathogenesis of CRC remain unclear. A growing body of evidence suggests dysbiosis of gut bacteria can contribute to the occurrence and development of CRC by generating harmful metabolites and changing host physiological processes. Metabolomics, a systems biology method, will systematically study the changes in metabolites in the physiological processes of the body, eventually playing a significant role in the detection of metabolic biomarkers and improving disease diagnosis and treatment. Metabolomics, in particular, has been highly beneficial in tracking microbially derived metabolites, which has substantially advanced our comprehension of host-microbiota metabolic interactions in CRC. This paper has briefly compiled recent research progress of the alterations of intestinal flora and its metabolites associated with CRC and the application of association analysis of metabolomics and gut microbiome in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC; furthermore, we discuss the prospects for the problems and development direction of this association analysis in the study of CRC. Gut microbiota and their metabolites influence the progression and causation of CRC, and the association analysis of metabolomics and gut microbiome will provide novel strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of CRC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Colorectal Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis in the world [ 1 ], and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths [ 2 ]. Over the last several decades we have seen significant progress in management strategies for colorectal cancer; screening modalities have improved [ 3 ], new systemic treatment options have lengthened survival [ 4 ], and recent developments in surgical management strategies have expanded resection eligibility criteria [ 5 , 6 ]. Despite this progress, metastatic disease remains the most common cause of death [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Surgical Management Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases

Ivey

Johnston

Azad

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis in the world, and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite significant progress in management strategies for colorectal cancer over the last several decades, metastatic disease remains difficult to treat and is often considered incurable. However, for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), surgical resection offers the best opportunity for survival, can be curative, and remains the gold standard. Unfortunately, surgical treatment options are underutilized. Misperceptions regarding resectable and unresectable CRLM likely play a role in this. The assessment of factors that impact resectability status like medical fitness, technical considerations, and disease biology can be difficult, necessitating careful multidisciplinary input and discussion. The identification of ideal operative time windows that align with the multimodal management of these patients can also be perplexing. For all patients with CRLM it may therefore be advantageous to obtain surgical evaluation at the time of discovering liver metastases to mitigate these challenges and minimize the risk of undertreatment. In this review we summarize current surgical management strategies for CRLM and discuss factors to be considered when determining resectability.

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“…Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks fourth in terms of incidence, and it is also the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide ( Bray et al., 2018 ). CRC is usually diagnosed at advanced stages because of the late appearance of symptoms, and thus it lacks an effective treatment option, leading to a poor prognosis ( Kanth and Inadomi, 2021 ). Diagnostic strategies currently available for CRC patients rely more on colonoscopy, an invasive, uncomfortable, and potentially harmful procedure, and some heterogeneous tumors can be neglected by such procedure ( Ladabaum et al., 2020 ; Longstreth et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%