PLOD2 induced under hypoxia is a novel prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection

Abstract

PLOD2 is a potential novel prognostic factor for HCC patients following surgery.

Procollagen Lysyl Hydroxylase 2 Expression Is Regulated by an Alternative Downstream Transforming Growth Factor β-1 Activation Mechanism

“…In addition, PLOD2 expression is enhanced in various types of cancers (e.g. glioma, bone, cervical, and liver) either or not directly caused by cytokines such as TGF␤1, and is strongly linked to the progression of these diseases likely by affecting cross-links of collagen that surrounds these tumors (45)(46)(47)(48)(49). Therefore, dissecting the downstream pathway of TGF␤1-mediated PLOD2 regulation is of fundamental interest to develop strategies that can tackle a wide range of scarring-related pathologies.…”

Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A is a key regulator of hypoxic adaptation in colorectal cancer cells and involved in treatment resistance and poor prognosis

“…We used this model to identify the following novel hypoxia-inducible genes: Jumonji domain containing 1A (JMJD1A) (12), adrenomedullin (ADM) (13), ephrin-A1 (EFNA1) (14), procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) (15) and secretoglobin, family 2A, member 1 (SCGB2A1) (16).…”

Association between ephrin-A1 mRNA expression and poor prognosis after hepatectomy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Of the 3,000 genes ranked in the microarray data, the top 30 were identified as hypoxia-inducible genes. Among these hypoxia-inducible genes, Jumonji domain containing 1A (JMJD1A, also known as KDM3A) and procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) were novel prognostic factors of HCC (3,10). In these experiments, EFNA1 expression was highly induced in hypoxic regions of liver metastases.…”

“…Hypoxia is a central feature of solid tumors, and it regulates the expression of a diverse group of genes that promote tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis and cell survival (2)(3)(4)(5). In tumor cells under hypoxic conditions, the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway is activated and leads to upregulation of many hypoxia-response genes, which are associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype (5-7).…”

“…In tumor cells under hypoxic conditions, the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway is activated and leads to upregulation of many hypoxia-response genes, which are associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype (5-7). We previously reported that these hypoxia-related genes include several angiogenic factors that play important roles in cancer biology (3,(8)(9)(10). The anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab is used clinically for treatment of several human cancers (11), and the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib was shown to have survival benefits for patients with advanced HCC in two phase III clinical trials (12,13).…”