42There is evidence that patients seeking orthognathic treatment may be motivated by social 43 anxiety disorder (SAD). The aim of this study was to investigate SAD in orthognathic 44 patients using the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNES) and compare these 45 findings with the general population. This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire study 46 conducted in two parts. Firstly, a national survey was conducted to yield data for the 47 BFNES from a large, random sample of the UK general population. Secondly, orthognathic 48 patients completed the BFNES. The BFNES scores are reported in two formats; the original 49 patients with acquired facial defects, and those who had previously received orthognathic 137 treatment. As for the general population sample, patients were given the BFNES to 138 complete and demographic data, including age and gender, were also collected.
12-item scale (O-BFNES) and a shorter 8-item version (S-BFNES