Satellite and hypersatellite structures ofLα1,2andLβ1x-ray transitions in mid-

M. Czarnota

¹

,

D. Banaś

²

,

M. Berset

³

et al.

Abstract

A detailed investigation of the Lα 1,2 (L 3 →M 4,5) and Lβ 1 (L 2 →M 4) x-ray satellite and hypersatellite structures in zirconium, molybdenum, and palladium atoms multiply ionized by impact with 278.6-MeV oxygen ions is reported. The x-ray spectra were measured with a high-resolution von Hamos bent crystal spectrometer. For the interpretation of the complex spectral features, relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations were performed for all multivacancy configurations expected to contribute to the observed spectra. The data analysis clearly demonstrates that the spectra are dominated by structures originating from (L −1 M −m N −n) satellite and (L −2 M −m N −n) hypersatellite transitions corresponding to the radiative decay of the excited multivacancy configurations. The ionization probabilities of the L and M shell were determined from the data and compared with theoretical predictions from the geometrical model and the semiclassical approximation, using in the latter case both relativistic hydrogenlike and self-consistent Dirac-Hartree-Fock wave functions. The results support the independent electron picture of the multiple ionization. They also show the importance of using relativistic and self-consistent electronic wave functions for the L and M shells.

Enhanced polarization transfer to the characteristic $Lα$ x-ray lines near the nonlinear Cooper minimum of two-photon ionization

“…The energy stability of inner-shell electrons was experimentally observed for Lα x-ray emission for different oxidation states [53,54]. It is reported that even Nsatellites lines are reported to be within the linewidth of the Lα x-ray emission line [55] and only M -shell satellites lines will be outside the Lα emission linewidth. However, appearance of M -satellites lines would indicate presence of three-photon absorption process within the M corehole lifetime which, according to the power law of nth order process 10 −33 cm 2n s n−1 [56], will be of much lower probability than the two-photon absorption.…”

Application of the Integrated Voigt Function in Analysis of Experimental Line Spectra

“…Line spectra are regularly analysed using the Voigt functions when Lorentzian and Gaussian widths are comparable. For example, using a high-resolution crystal diffractometer, accurate measurements were made of diagram lines and of multiple-satellite, hypersatellite and hypersatellite-satellite L α1 and L α2 X-ray lines of palladium [12], of L α1,2 and L β1 X-ray lines of zirconium, molibdenum and palladium [13], and of thorium L γ Xray lines [14], produced by heavy-ion (O 6+ ) beams of 278.6 MeV. To interpret the observed spectra, relativistic multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock calculations were made for the lines with variable numbers of L-and M -shell vacancies.…”