SaSTL: Spatial Aggregation Signal Temporal Logic for Runtime Monitoring in Smart Cities

Ma, Meiyi; Bartocci, Ezio; Lifland, Eli; Stankovic, John A.; Lu, Feng

doi:10.1109/iccps48487.2020.00013

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To deal with the computational requirements of model maintenance and reasoning at runtime, the authors propose their materialization as a set of cloud-based microservices [40]. In a similar context, Ma et al [41] study a wealth of smart city requirements and propose SaSTL, a new spatio-temporal logic with increased expressiveness and the capability for spatially-parallelized runtime monitoring.…”

Section: Runtime Verification For the Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge-Based Runtime Verification for the Internet of Things

Tsigkanos

Bersani

Frangoudis

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complex distributed systems such as the ones induced by Internet of Things (IoT) deployments, are expected to operate in compliance to their requirements. This can be checked by inspecting events flowing throughout the system, typically originating from end-devices and reflecting arbitrary actions, changes in state or sensing. Such events typically reflect the behavior of the overall IoT system -they may indicate executions which satisfy or violate its requirements. This paper presents a service-based software architecture and technical framework supporting runtime verification for widely deployed, volatile IoT systems. At the lowest level, systems we consider are comprised of resource-constrained devices connected over wide area networks generating events. In our approach, monitors are deployed on edge components, receiving events originating from end-devices or other edge nodes. Temporal logic properties expressing desired requirements are then evaluated on each edge monitor in a runtime fashion. The system exhibits decentralization since evaluation occurs locally on edge nodes, and verdicts possibly affecting satisfaction of properties on other edge nodes are propagated accordingly. This reduces dependence on cloud infrastructures for IoT data collection and centralized processing. We illustrate how specification and runtime verification can be achieved in practice on a characteristic case study of smart parking. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of our design over a testbed instantiation, whereupon we evaluate performance and capacity limits of different hardware classes under monitoring workloads of varying intensity using state-of-the-art LPWAN technology.

show abstract

Section: Runtime Verification For the Iotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge-Based Runtime Verification for the Internet of Things

Tsigkanos

Bersani

Frangoudis

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For this reason, many researchers have extended temporal specification languages such as STL to express also spatial requirements. Examples include Spatial-Temporal Logic (SpaTeL) [11], the Signal Spatio-Temporal Logic (SSTL) [21], the Spatial Aggregation Signal Temporal Logic (SaSTL) [17] and STREL [6]. Despite many developed prototypes built more for demonstration purposes rather than becoming usable tools, we are aware only about jSSTL [22] as offline monitoring tool for spatio-temporal properties.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

MoonLight: A Lightweight Tool for Monitoring Spatio-Temporal Properties

Bartocci

Bortolussi

Loreti

et al. 2020

Runtime Verification

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present MoonLight, a tool for monitoring temporal and spatio-temporal properties of mobile and spatially distributed cyberphysical systems (CPS). In the proposed framework, space is represented as a weighted graph, describing the topological configurations in which the single CPS entities (nodes of the graph) are arranged. Both nodes and edges have attributes modelling physical and logical quantities that can change in time. MoonLight is implemented in Java and supports the monitoring of Spatio-Temporal Reach and Escape Logic (STREL) introduced in [6]. MoonLight can be used as a standalone command line tool, as a Java API, or via Matlab ™ interface. We provide here some examples using the Matlab ™ interface and we evaluate the tool performance also by comparing with other tools specialized in monitoring only temporal properties.

show abstract

“…In the last decade there has been a great effort to develop logic-based specification languages and monitoring frameworks for spatio-temporal properties. Examples include SpaTeL [12], SSTL [29], (SaSTL) [23,24] and STREL [1]. For more details on the underlying spatial models and the language expressiveness we refer the reader to [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Monitoring of Spatio-Temporal Properties for Imprecise Signals

Visconti¹,

Bartocci²,

Loreti³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From biological systems to cyber-physical systems, monitoring the behavior of such dynamical systems often requires to reason about complex spatio-temporal properties of physical and/or computational entities that are dynamically interconnected and arranged in a particular spatial configuration. Spatio-Temporal Reach and Escape Logic (STREL) is a recent logic-based formal language designed to specify and to reason about spatio-temporal properties. STREL considers each system's entity as a node of a dynamic weighted graph representing their spatial arrangement. Each node generates a set of mixed-analog signals describing the evolution over time of computational and physical quantities characterising the node's behavior. While there are offline algorithms available for monitoring STREL specifications over logged simulation traces, here we investigate for the first time an online algorithm enabling the runtime verification during the system's execution or simulation. Our approach extends the original framework by considering imprecise signals and by enhancing the logics' semantics with the possibility to express partial guarantees about the conformance of the system's behavior with its specification. Finally, we demonstrate our approach in a real-world environmental monitoring case study. CCS CONCEPTS• Theory of computation → Logic and verification; Modal and temporal logics; • Software and its engineering → Abstraction, modeling and modularity.

show abstract

SaSTL: Spatial Aggregation Signal Temporal Logic for Runtime Monitoring in Smart Cities

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Edge-Based Runtime Verification for the Internet of Things

Edge-Based Runtime Verification for the Internet of Things

MoonLight: A Lightweight Tool for Monitoring Spatio-Temporal Properties

Online Monitoring of Spatio-Temporal Properties for Imprecise Signals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About