SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response characteristics in COVID-19 patients of different ages

Lu, Linfang; Yu, Siqi; Liu, Min; Li, Yang; Lei, Qing; Lin, Min Pei; Lai, Dan‐yun; Guo, Shujuan; Jiang, He‐wei; Hou, Hongyan; Zheng, Yun-xiao; Wang, Xuening; Ma, Ming‐liang; Zhang, Bo; Chen, Hong; Xue, Jun‐biao; Zhang, Hainan; Qi, Huan; Sun, Ziyong; Wang, Feng; Fan, Xue‐Gong; Xu, Zhaowei

doi:10.3724/abbs.2022014

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…On the basis of our analysis, we investigated whether the diverse antibody responses observed in patients who recovered from COVID-19 could be related to disparities in patient gender, age, or comorbidities. Our study, similar to previous ones [65][66][67][68], found that there were no significant variations in median anti-N and/or anti-RBD antibody levels in infected patients based on gender or comorbidities. In contrast, Korte et al observed gender discrepancies in anti-N IgG antibody response during a 10-week follow-up, with higher levels in females at weeks 6 and 7.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study

et al. 2023

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Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health threat. The kinetics of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) need to be assessed, as the long-term duration of these immunoglobulins remains largely controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal dynamics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N) protein and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein up to one year in a cohort of 190 COVID-19 patients. Between March and September 2021, we enrolled patients from two regional hospitals in Casablanca, Morocco. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for antibody levels. We used the commercial Euroimmun ELISA for the determination of anti-N IgM, the Abbott Architect™ SARS-CoV-2 IgG test for the detection of anti-RBD IgG, and an in-house kit for the assay of anti-N IgG and anti-N IgA. IgM and IgA antibodies were assessed 2–5, 9–12, 17–20 and 32–37 days after symptom onset. IgG antibodies were also assessed 60, 90, 120 and 360 days after symptom onset. One-third of patients developed IgM (32%), while two-thirds developed IgA (61%). One month of symptom onset, most patients developed IgG, with 97% and 93% positivity for anti-RBD IgG and anti-N IgG, respectively. The anti-RBD IgG positivity rate remained high up to one year of follow-up. However, the anti-N IgG positivity rate decreased over time, with only 41% of patients testing positive after one year’s follow-up. IgG levels were significantly higher in older people (over 50 years) than in other study participants. We also found that patients who had received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prior to infection had a lower IgM response than unvaccinated patients. This difference was statistically significant two weeks after the onset of symptoms. We present the first study in Africa to measure the kinetics of antibody response (IgA, IgM and IgG) to SARS-CoV-2 over one year. Most participants remained seropositive for anti-RBD IgG after one year but showed a significant decline in antibody titers.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study

et al. 2023

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“…Furthermore, on day 14 after infection, aged mice exhibited more NP-specific T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells, suppressing the responses of both Tfh and B cells in an antigenspecific manner. 81 In one study, the general levels of elicited SARS-CoV-2specific antibodies were shown to be similar across different age groups, but IgG tended to bind non-structural/accessory in patients older than 70 years with severe COVID-19. 82 Similarly, another study showed that elderly individuals generated antibodies against shared antigens of human coronaviruses (HCoVs), such as nucleoprotein (NP) and S2, after SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: B Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Respiratory viral infections in the elderly: From the perspective of the aging immune system

Zhang,

Xu,

Wang

et al. 2023

TIME

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<p>The susceptibility of the elderly to respiratory viral infections and the challenges posed by an aging population necessitate imperative development of advanced preventive and therapeutic strategies for elderly individuals. The clinical outcome of such infections is intricately determined by the complex interplay among viruses, host tissues, and immune cells. Elderly individuals exhibit a diminished efficacy of their immune system to clear viruses, consequently leading to prolonged viral insults, tissue damage, and an excessive activation of inflammatory cells. These ultimately result in worse clinical outcomes. Targeting the dysregulated antiviral immune responses has emerged as a potential approach to improve the prognosis of geriatric patients. It is noteworthy that the impacts of aging on antiviral immune responses are highly heterogenous. Thus, individualized patient assessment and management assume paramount importance. This review aims to summarize the current evidence elucidating the effects of aging on immune responses to respiratory viruses, with the ultimate goal of identifying knowledge gaps that can inform future research and enhance the management of elderly individuals.</p>

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SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response characteristics in COVID-19 patients of different ages

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study

Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study

Respiratory viral infections in the elderly: From the perspective of the aging immune system

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