Sarcopenia Identified According to the EWGSOP2 Definition in Community-Living People: Prevalence and Clinical Features

Martone, Anna Maria; Marzetti, Emanuele; Salini, Sara; Zazzara, Maria Beatrice; Santoro, Luca; Tosato, Matteo; Picca, Anna; Calvani, Riccardo; Landi, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2020.03.007

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results are consensual with the literature regarding the increase in the prevalence of sarcopenia with increasing age (Borges, 2019;Cruz-Jentoft et al, 2014;Martone et al, 2020). There seems to be no doubt that regardless of the criteria used in the definition of sarcopenia as well as sex, the prevalence of sarcopenia can vary among older people depending on the environment, but always with higher prevalence rates in older groups (Cruz-Jentoft et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil (La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil)

Miranda¹,

Gouveia²,

Gouveia³

et al. 2021

Retos

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Introduction: Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread skeletal muscle disorder involving loss of muscle mass and function, and is associated with several outcomes, including falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed: (1) to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia, falls, and the risk of falls considering age, sex, and the level of physical activity (PA), and (2) to identify which of these predictors better explained the likelihood that participants present risk of fall. A total of 701 participants (433 women) with a mean age of 70.4±6.9. Sarcopenia was determined according to the most recent guidelines from the European Working Group (EWGSOP2). The prevalence of falls and the level of physical activity were assessed by questionnaires. The risk of falls was assessed using the Fullerton Advance Balance (FAB) scale. This study provides evidence that women (OR: 2.5, p<0.001), the oldest people (OR: 1.1 p<0.001), and people who had identified sarcopenia (OR: 2.9 p<0.001), and lower level of physical activity (OR: 2.9 p<0.001), were more likely to present the risk of falls. Implications for vulnerable aging are discussed. Resumen. Introducción: La sarcopenia es un trastorno del músculo esquelético generalizado y progresivo que implica pérdida de masa y función muscular y se asocia con varios resultados, que incluyen caídas, deterioro funcional, fragilidad y mortalidad. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo: (1) estimar la prevalencia de sarcopenia, caídas y el riesgo de caídas considerando la edad, el sexo y el nivel de actividad física (AF), y (2) identificar cuál de estos predictores explicaba mejor la probabilidad que los participantes presentan riesgo de caída. Un total de 701 participantes (433 mujeres) con una edad media de 70,4 ± 6,9 años. La sarcopenia se determinó de acuerdo con las guías más recientes del Grupo de trabajo europeo (EWGSOP2). La prevalencia de caídas y el nivel de AF se evaluaron mediante cuestionarios. El riesgo de caídas se evaluó mediante la escala Fullerton Advance Balance (FAB). Este estudio proporciona evidencia de que las mujeres (OR: 2,5, p <0,001), las personas mayores (OR: 1,1 p <0,001) y las personas que habían identificado sarcopenia (OR: 2,9 p <0,001) y un nivel más bajo de AP (OR: 2,9 p <0,001), tenían más probabilidades de presentar riesgo de caídas. Se discuten las implicaciones para el envejecimiento vulnerable.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil (La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil)

Miranda¹,

Gouveia²,

Gouveia³

et al. 2021

Retos

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“…Although the effect of ACEi or ARBs on physical performance in patients with heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or other cardiorespiratory disease is clearly of interest, study of these conditions with their distinct skeletal myopathy and prominent cardiorespiratory compromise falls out with the scope of the current analysis. Studies targeting patients with diabetes and obesity are of interest given the prominent association between these conditions and skeletal muscle dysfunction, 35 , 36 but our search did not find eligible trials with relevant outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Angiotensin System Inhibitors on Physical Performance in Older People – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Caulfield

Heslop

Walesby

et al. 2021

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

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Objective Preclinical and observational data suggest that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be able to improve physical performance in older people via direct and indirect effects on skeletal muscle. We aimed to summarize current evidence from randomised controlled trials in this area. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting and Participants Randomized controlled trials enrolling older people, comparing ACEi or ARB to placebo, usual care or another antihypertensive agent, with outcome data on measures of physical performance. Methods We searched multiple electronic databases without language restriction between inception and the end of February 2020. Trials were excluded if the mean age of participants was <65 years or treatment was targeting specific diseases known to affect muscle function (for example heart failure). Data were sought on measures of endurance and strength. Standardized mean difference (SMD) treatment effects were calculated using random-effects models with RevMan software. Results Eight trials (952 participants) were included. Six trials tested ACEi, 2 trials tested ARBs. The mean age of participants ranged from 66 to 79 years, and the duration of treatment ranged from 2 months to 1 year. Trials recruited healthy older people and people with functional impairment; no trials specifically targeted older people with sarcopenia. Risk of bias for all trials was low to moderate. No significant effect was seen on endurance outcomes [6 trials, SMD 0.04 (95% CI –0.22 to 0.29); P = .77; I 2 = 53%], strength outcomes [6 trials, SMD –0.02 (95% CI –0.18 to 0.14), P = .83, I 2 = 21%] or the short physical performance battery [3 trials, SMD –0.04 (95% CI –0.19 to 0.11), P = .60, I 2 = 0%]. No evidence of publication bias was evident on inspection of funnel plots. Conclusions and Implications Existing evidence does not support the use of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers as a single intervention to improve physical performance in older people.

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“…The tools currently available are devices that although simple to use (Grip Strength, Chair Stand Test) are not always available in the different health care settings. For this reason, the interest of the scientific community is to search for easier and more universally reproducible tools able to early identify the subjects at higher risk of sarcopenia in order to refer suspected cases to second level examinations and to adopt timely strategies of primary prevention [ 10 , 11 ]. In this context, self-assessment tools to be submitted to the patient at the time of the screening visit are available and some of these are validated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported difficulty in walking 400 meters: the “red flag” for probable sarcopenia

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Background Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in older people. Several tools are recommended to assess muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance, but are not always available in daily practice. Objective The aim of the present study is to evaluate if there is a correlation between the personal perception of physical performance (assessed through a question on personal functional status) and the effective presence of sarcopenia (according to the EWGSOP2 definition) using data from the Longevity Check-up 7 + project. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting The Longevity Check-up 7 + project is an ongoing study started in June 2015 and conducted in unconventional settings (i.e., exhibitions, malls, and health promotion campaigns). Subjects Candidate participants are eligible for enrollment if they are at least 18 years of age and provide written informed consent. For the present study subjects 65 years age old and older have been considered (n = 2901). Methods According to the most recent EWGSOP2 consensus definition, subjects were defined to be affected by probable sarcopenia when handgrip strength was less than 27 kg in male and less than 16 kg in female, respectively. Furthermore, a single question assessed the perceived health status regarding own physical performance: “Do you have any difficulty in walking 400 m?”. Results Using the EWGSOP2 algorithm, 529 (18,9%) participants were identified as affected by probable sarcopenia with a significant higher prevalence among subjects with self-reported difficulty in walking 400 m compared to participant without any difficulty (33.6% versus 13.1%, respectively; p < 0.001). Relative to participants without self-reported difficulty, those subjects with self-reported difficulty in walking 400 m showed a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR]: 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.75–4.07). Conclusions A single “Red Flag” question such as “Do you have any difficulty in walking 400 m?” should be considered as a recommended method for screening probable sarcopenia risk.

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Sarcopenia Identified According to the EWGSOP2 Definition in Community-Living People: Prevalence and Clinical Features

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil (La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil)

Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil (La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil)

Effect of Angiotensin System Inhibitors on Physical Performance in Older People – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Self-reported difficulty in walking 400 meters: the “red flag” for probable sarcopenia

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