Sarcoma pleomórfico em úlcera de Marjolin

Abstract

Marjolin's ulcer is a malignant transformation of traumatized or chronically inflamed cutaneous tissue that occurs after burns. The most common histological type of carcinoma found in Marjolin's ulcers is squamous cell carcinoma, followed by basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Sarcomas in Marjolin's ulcers are rare, representing approximately 5% of these malignant degenerations. In this report, we describe the case of a female patient who was burned 42 years prior, with a large ulceration on her back. Biopsy of the ulceration showed a high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma in the Marjolin's ulcer. The patient underwent resection of the ulceration and a skin graft followed by radiation therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. In 3 years of follow-up, the patient had no tumor recurrence. Marjolin's ulcers are aggressive and have a high rate of regional metastases. It is important that clinicians develop an understanding of their prevention by properly treating burns. Sarcomas in Marjolin's ulcers are rare and few cases have been reported in the literature, which demonstrates the importance of this report.