Sarcoma Induction by Iron-carbohydrate Complexes

Fielding, J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5295.1800

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The repeated intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of certain iron carbohydrate complexes, i.e., iron-dextran, iron dextrin, and saccharated iron oxide, in large doses has given rise to sarcoma at the injection site in rats, mice, hamsters and rabbits (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). The repeated intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of certain iron carbohydrate complexes, i.e., iron-dextran, iron dextrin, and saccharated iron oxide, in large doses has given rise to sarcoma at the injection site in rats, mice, hamsters and rabbits (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Carcinogenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Cobalt, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Platinum, Selenium, and Titanium in Carcinogenesis

Kazantzis¹

1981

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Section: Carcinogenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Cobalt, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Platinum, Selenium, and Titanium in Carcinogenesis

Kazantzis¹

1981

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…As a result, skin staining is seen less frequently than with iron-dextran, and so far no carcinogenic effect has been found, even using high doses in animals (Fielding, 1962). However, it suffers from the disadvantage that about 30% of the dose is excreted in the urine which turns black on standing (Boyle, Dellipiani, Owen, Seaton, and Tonkin, 1964), due to the formation of iron sulphide.…”

Section: Iron Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Deficiency and Iron Overload

Smith¹

1965

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Iron is essential to most, if not all, living organisms, and the higher animals and man have employed it for many purposes essential to life. The readiness with which iron undergoes oxidation and reduction is utilized in many of the enzymes of electron transport, and in a number of other enzymes whose function is not understood. Furthermore, the combination of iron with porphyrin and protein leads to complexes that have the property of binding large amounts of oxygen in a readily reversible fashion. Haemoglobin and myoglobin are complexes of this nature, which serve the function of oxygen transport and storage. About three-quarters of the iron in a normal man (between 4 g. and 5 g.) is incorporated in circulating haemoglobin. Less than 5% is present in myoglobin, various enzymes, or in transport in the plasma. The remainder, about 20% of the total, is present in the tissue stores, much of it as the iron-protein complex ferritin (Drabkin, 1951). Very little iron is excreted, as the iron from broken-down aged red cells is returned to the marrow for re-use in haemoglobin synthesis. The iron content of the body is achieved during periods of growth, and maintained thereafter at a steady level, through control of the amount absorbed. As the amount of iron utilized in haemoglobin synthesis is so much greater than the quantity of new iron absorbed, it is perhaps not surprising that iron deficiency is so common. It is the most frequent cause of anaemia, and the most important deficiency state in countries with good economic means. Iron deficiency is particularly common in early infancy, as the requirements of rapid growth exceed the infant's capacity to absorb enough iron from food. Iron in excess is toxic: acute iron poisoning follows ingestion of large amounts of iron salts, and is one of the most common

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“…The repeated intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of certain iron carbohydrate complexes, i.e., iron-dextran, iron dextrin, and saccharated iron oxide, in large doses has given rise to sarcoma at the injection site in rats, mice, hamsters and rabbits (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). No tumors were observed in squirrel monkeys (24), but only three animals survived more than 44 weeks after the last injection.…”

Section: Carcinogenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tumors obtained have been either fibrosarcomas or histiocytic sarcomas without much variation in histological type and characterized by an abundance of iron containing macrophages. Iron sorbitol, given to rats and mice under identical conditions to those in which iron dextran was administered, failed to produce tumors (22,25). The iron complex is essential for the sarcomatous response, for neither the carbohydrate injected alone (18,19) nor inorganic iron compounds (26) gave rise to sarcomas at the injection site.…”

Section: Carcinogenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, platinum, selenium, and titanium in carcinogenesis.

Kazantzis¹

1981

Environ Health Perspect

124

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The possible carcinogenicity of cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, platinum, selenium, and titanium is reviewed, taking into account epidemiological data, the results of animal experimental studies, data on mutagenic effects and on other in vitro test systems. Of the great variety of occupations where exposure to one of these metals may occur, only haematite mining has been clearly shown to involve an increased human cancer risk. While the possibility that haematite might in some way act as a carcinogen has to be taken into consideration it is more likely that other carcinogens are responsible. Certain platinum coordination complexes are used in cancer chemotherapy, are mutagenic, and likely to be carcinogenic. Cobalt, its oxide and sulfide, certain lead salts, one organomanganese, and one organotitanium compound have been shown to have a limited carcinogenic effect in experimental animal studies, and except for titanium appear to be mutagenic. Certain mercury compounds are mutagenic but none have been shown to be carcinogenic. The presently available data are inadequate to assess the possible carcinogenicity of selenium compounds, but a few observations suggest that selenium may suppress the effect of other carcinogens administered to experimental animals and may even be associated with lower cancer mortality rates in man. Epidemiological observations are essential for the assessment of a human cancer risk, but the difficulty in collecting past exposure data in occupational groups and the complexity of multiple occupational exposures with changes over time, limits the usefulness of retrospective epidemiological studies.

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Sarcoma Induction by Iron-carbohydrate Complexes

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Role of Cobalt, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Platinum, Selenium, and Titanium in Carcinogenesis

Role of Cobalt, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Platinum, Selenium, and Titanium in Carcinogenesis

Iron Deficiency and Iron Overload

Role of cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, platinum, selenium, and titanium in carcinogenesis.

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