Relative clauses: why children have difficulties to comprehend them?

Dabašinskiené, Ineta; Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė, Laura

doi:10.15388/klbt.2014.7673

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Nuo ilgalaikių tipinės kalbos raidos stebėjimų (Savickienė 2007;Dabašinskienė 2010;Balčiūnienė 2012; Dabašinskienė, Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė 2017; Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė, Balčiūnienė ir kt. 2021 ir t. t.) pereita ir prie eksperimentinių tyrimų, apimančių ne tik tipinę raidą, bet ir neišplėtotąją kalbą, kitaip, kalbos neišsivystymą (Dabašinskienė, Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė 2014;Balčiūnienė, Kornev 2015;Armon-Lotem ir kt. 2016;Krivickaitė 2017;Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė 2020;Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė, Makauskienė in press ir kt.).…”

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The Acquisition of Adjective Gradation in Lithuanian Children with Developmental Language Disorder at Preschool and Pre-primary School Age

Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė

2021

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The aim of the study is to examine Lithuanian children’s with developmental language disorder abilities in forming comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives. We report the data from a Sentence Completion Study with 80 Lithuanian children with developmental language disorder (age range 4;6-6;5) and 80 typically developing Lithuanian children (age range 4;6-6;5). For the picture-based comparative and superlative formation task, 30 adjectives were selected to control for the following variables in Lithuanian: obligatory morphonological palatalisation of root-final dentals, the variables syllabic length (bisyllables vs. trisyllables) and underived vs. derived adjectives.The results confirmed our first hypothesis that correct production of both comparatives and superlatives is influenced by several factors: the general length effect, morphological complexity of the adjective (whether derived or not), morphotactic transparency/opacity (opacifying morphonological palatalization). The results confirmed our second hypothesis that Lithuanian children with developmental language disorder faced more difficulties in performing the adjective gradation task than typically developing children. In addition, the results have shown that children’s performance on comparatives was better than on superlatives. The better performance of comparatives could be explained by the fact that the superlative is morphosemantically and morphotactically more marked than the comparative. On the other hand, it could be, according to Layton and Stick’s hypothesis (1979), that the later acquisition of the superlative suffix is due to limitations in cognitive and perceptual abilities, which may be seen as one cause of morphosemantic markedness.

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The Acquisition of Adjective Gradation in Lithuanian Children with Developmental Language Disorder at Preschool and Pre-primary School Age

Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė

2021

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“…Reikia paminėti, kad teoriniuose lietuvių kalbotyros darbuose sudėtiniai prijungiamieji sakiniai aprašyti gana plačiai, taip pat yra atlikta ir nemažai prijungiamųjų sakinių vartosenos tyrimų (Smetonienė 2001;Sabromienė 2007;Bitinienė 2010;Miliūnaitė 2011;Pajėdienė 2004Pajėdienė , 2008Pajėdienė , 2009 ir kt. ), tačiau tik keliuose iš jų aptariamas pažymimųjų sakinių vartojimas (Vladarskienė 2012;Dabašinskienė ir Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė 2014). Svarbu tai, kad beveik visi šie tyrimai yra pagrįsti rašytinės kalbos analize, todėl šio straipsnio objektas − pažymimieji pasakymai sakytinėje kalboje − yra naujas ir netyrinėtas, o straipsnio tikslas − aptarti pažymimųjų pasakymų dažnumą ir struktūrą sakytinėje kalboje − gali atskleisti naujų iki šiol teoriniuose darbuose neminėtų aspektų.…”

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The use of attributive clauses in spoken Lithuanian

Kamandulytė-Merfeldienė

Balčiūnienė

2016

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The syntactic features of spoken Lithuanian are still under-researched due to insufficient data bases, limited technologies, and research methodologies. During the last years, the "Corpus of Spoken Lithuanian" (developed at Vytautas Magnus University; 225,000 words; 80 hours of digitalized audio recordings) has been syntactically annotated, and this has enabled complex automatized syntactic analysis. In the present paper, one of the first such studies is presented and its results are discussed. The corpus linguistics methodology has been employed.The paper deals with the frequency and basic types of attributive clauses in spoken Lithuanian language. The results of the study have highlighted that attributive clauses tend to be more frequent (up to 15% of all subordinate clauses) in public speech, and they are significantly less frequent (up to 7% of all subordinate clauses) in private spontaneous speech.The position of a subordinate clause after the head noun is unmarked and the most frequent in public speech and spontaneous private speech. Consequently, 65% and 88% of all attributive adjectives followed the head noun in private spontaneous speech and in public speech. Since in Lithuanian the word order is not so strict, in private spontaneous speech constructions with a subordinate clause before the head noun are used.The analysis of subordinating conjunctions and relative pronouns has revealed that in public speech the link between a subordinate clause and an independent clause tends to be expressed by the relative pronoun "kuris", "kuri" (‘which’). Namely, in public speech, this pronoun is employed in 85% of all attributive clauses. The number of relative pronouns in private spoken speech reaches only 30%, whereas the subordinating conjunction "kur" (‘where’) has been used in the majority of attributive clauses (51%).The findings of the study reveal the main tendencies in the distribution and frequency of attributive clauses and suggest that the usage of attributive clauses depends, to a large extent, on the register of spoken language.

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Relative clauses: why children have difficulties to comprehend them?

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

The Acquisition of Adjective Gradation in Lithuanian Children with Developmental Language Disorder at Preschool and Pre-primary School Age

The Acquisition of Adjective Gradation in Lithuanian Children with Developmental Language Disorder at Preschool and Pre-primary School Age

The use of attributive clauses in spoken Lithuanian

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