Salt-Intake-Related Behavior Varies between Sexes and Is Strongly Associated with Daily Salt Consumption in Obese Patients at High Risk for MASLD

Heller, Bianca; Reiter, Florian P.; Leicht, Hans Benno; Fiessler, Cornelia; Bergheim, Ina; Heuschmann, Peter U.; Geier, Andreas; Rau, Monika

doi:10.3390/nu15183942

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The lifestyle plays an important role in the MASLD pathogenesis. Indeed, poor sleep quality and an unhealthy diet, such as a Western diet (characterized by high salt content and highly processed foods), are risk factors for MASLD development [53][54][55] . On the other hand, the use of the Mediterranean diet in MASLD patients improves disease outcomes [56,57] .…”

Section: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dysmetabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a stairway to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Colaci,

Gambardella,

Maria Scarlata

et al. 2024

Hepatoma Res

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. This term does not describe the pathogenetic mechanisms and complications associated with NAFLD. The new definition, Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver disease (MASLD), emphasizes the relationship between NAFLD and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Cardiovascular disease features, such as arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis, are frequently associated with patients with MASLD. Furthermore, these patients have a high risk of developing neoplastic diseases, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma, but also extrahepatic tumors, such as esophageal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers. Moreover, several studies showed the correlation between MASLD and endocrine disease. The imbalance of the gut microbiota, systemic inflammation, obesity, and insulin resistance play a key role in the development of these complications. This narrative review aims to clarify the evolution from NAFLD to the new nomenclature MASLD and evaluate its complications.

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Section: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An unhealthy lifestyle affects sleep quality, which in turn is a risk factor for MASLD development [60] . Increased levels of bile acids (BA) are related to a higher prevalence of MASLD [53,61] .…”

Section: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysmetabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a stairway to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Colaci,

Gambardella,

Maria Scarlata

et al. 2024

Hepatoma Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on WHO's data from 2016, 40% of women are overweight and another 15% are obese [21]. Unhealthy Western nutrition is characterized by high fat (38% of energy) and salt intake (9.2 g/day in women in the age group of 50-59 years [22,23]), low vegetable and fruit consumption [24], and low calcium (730 ± 277 mg/day) intake [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Nutrition in Menopause and Perimenopause—A Review

Erdélyi,

Pálfi,

Tűű

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and osteoporosis. These diseases and unfavorable laboratory values, which are characteristic of this period in women, can be significantly improved by eliminating and reducing dietary risk factors. Changing dietary habits during perimenopause is most effectively achieved through nutrition counseling and intervention. To reduce the risk factors of all these diseases, and in the case of an already existing disease, dietary therapy led by a dietitian should be an integral part of the treatment. The following review summarizes the recommendations for a balanced diet and fluid intake, the dietary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the role of sleep, and the key preventive nutrients in menopause, such as vitamin D, calcium, vitamin C, B vitamins, and protein intake. In summary, during the period of perimenopause and menopause, many lifestyle factors can reduce the risk of developing all the diseases (cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and tumors) and symptoms characteristic of this period.

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Fatty Liver Index (FLI) is the best score to predict MASLD with 50% lower cut-off value in women than in men

Crudele,

De Matteis,

Novielli

et al. 2024

Biol Sex Differ

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Background Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is defined by the presence of hepatic steatosis, detected on ultrasonography (US) imaging or histology, and at least one of criteria for Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis. Simple non-invasive tests (NITs) have been proposed as an acceptable alternative when US and biopsy are not available or feasible but have not been validated for MASLD. In this observational study, we investigated the reliability of NITs for MASLD detection and whether sex-differences in screening methods should be considered. Methods We included 1069 individuals (48% males and 52% females) who underwent their first clinical examination for Metabolic Syndrome in the period between January 2015 and December 2022. Liver steatosis was detected through US and anthropometric and clinical parameters were recorded. Results Liver steatosis was detected in 648 patients and MASLD was diagnosed in 630 subjects (355 males; 275 females). Women with MASLD showed better metabolic profile and lower prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome criteria than men. Among NITs, Fatty Liver Index (FLI) showed the best ability for detection of MASLD, with a cut-off value of 44 (AUC = 0.82). When considering the two sexes for MASLD detection via FLI, despite no substantial differences regarding FLI correlations with metabolic biomarkers except for age, women showed marked lower FLI cut-off value (32; AUC = 0.80) than men (60; AUC = 0.80). Conclusions In this study, we found that FLI is the best non-invasive predictor of both liver steatosis and MASLD. The finding that in women FLI cut-off value for MASLD detection is 50% lower than in men suggests the need of a sex-specific personalized program of screening and prevention of dysmetabolism-related liver diseases, despite outwardly healthy biomarkers profile.

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Salt-Intake-Related Behavior Varies between Sexes and Is Strongly Associated with Daily Salt Consumption in Obese Patients at High Risk for MASLD

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Dysmetabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a stairway to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Dysmetabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a stairway to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

The Importance of Nutrition in Menopause and Perimenopause—A Review

Fatty Liver Index (FLI) is the best score to predict MASLD with 50% lower cut-off value in women than in men

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