Salmonella Yoruba infection in white-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe a fatal salmonellosis case in a non-human female primate (Callithrix jacchus), found in the illegal pet trade in Brazil. The marmoset was sent to the quarantine section of the Guarulhos City Zoo and died in the sequence of an episode of profuse diarrhea. Necropsy findings included mucous enteritis, and liver enlargement and necrosis. Feces and liver fragments were collected for bacteriological tests, which indicated the presence of Salmonella sp.; it was subsequently characterized as pertaining to the Yoruba serotype. The susceptibility profile demonstrated resistance to tetracycline only. The strain was positive for genes that encoded the virulence factors investigated (invA, sefC, pefA and spvC). The results indicated the risk of introduction of Salmonella pathogenic serotypes in primates in captivity.

Prevalence Estimation, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Serotyping of Salmonella enterica Recovered from New World Non-Human Primates (Platyrrhini), Feed, and Environmental Surfaces from Wildlife Centers in Costa Rica

“…Authors attribute the high prevalence to a possible outbreak of Salmonella at the time of sampling [40]. Other Latin-American groups reported primates suffering from clinical salmonellosis [41,42] and isolates from other wild animals under human care [21,25].…”

“…Worldwide there is a wide description of outbreaks associated with S. Braenderup from foods [75][76][77][78][79] and also reports of this serovar in wild birds in captivity [23,26,80]. This serovar has already been isolated from primates [41]. S. Ohio is a rare serovar usually acquired from food [81].…”

“…In recent years, multi-resistant isolates of S. Newport have increased, which has generated concern about the spread of these strains [83,84]. S. Newport has been isolated from foods that have caused outbreaks [83,[85][86][87], as well as from wild environments and animals [26,83], including primates [41]. S. Anatum has been isolated from foods [88][89][90][91] associated with improper handling [90,92].…”