Salmonella Infection as a Food Industry Problem

Factors associated with the dissemination of Salmonellae in turkey products and processing plants

“…Hinshaw and McNeil (1951) reported that Salmonellae have been found in snakes, lizards, and tortoises, and that they frequent the areas where poultry are kept. Williams (1959) Easter chicks have transmitted salmonellosis to children on a number of occasions (Andersm et al, 1955;and HcCroan, 1963).…”

Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Caused by S. Typhimurium Acquired from Turkeys

“…In this instance the turkeys apparently were recontaminated after they were cooked. Circumstantial evidence accumulated during recent studies indicates that fowl may be the vehicle of etiological agents in some outbreaks of diarrhea (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Seldom, however, have the epidemiological indications been corroborated by bacteriological data, partly because the suspected items of food were not available when investigations were undertaken.…”

Streptomycin Resistance of Coliform Bacteria from Turkeys Fed Streptomycin

“…It is widely believed that while certain species of Salmonella (e.g., S. typhosa, S. paratyphi, S. abortus-equi) are particularly adapted to specific hosts, a great number of other species (e.g., S. typhimurium, S. enteriditis) parasitize a broad spectrum of anim.al hosts. Fowl are considered to be a principal reservoir of the latter type of Salmonella (Hinshaw and McNeil, 1951). The large dosage generally required to cause these enteric infections is provided under barnyard conditions.…”

“…Outbreaks of food poisoning have been traced to fowl infected with typical food poisoning types; even those species commonly thought of as restricted to fowl (e.g., S. pullorum and S. gallinarum) have on occasions been isolated from human carriers and enteritis cases (Hinshaw and McNeil, 1951). Examination of over 6,000 samples of American dried eggs shipped to Britain during World War II showed that 10 per cent were infected with Salmonella; a number of British food poisoning outbreaks were ascribed to this source by extremely strong circumstantial evidence (Medical Research Council, 1947 The public health implications of the development of antibiotic-resistant flora in the poultry population are obvious.…”