Salivary Polytene Chromosome Map of Anopheles darlingi, the Main Vector of Neotropical Malaria

Abstract

Abstract. New photomap of Anopheles ( Nyssorhynchus ) darlingi Root, 1926, is described for a population from Guajará-Mirim, State of Rondonia, Brazil. The number of sections in the previous A. darlingi reference map was maintained and new subsections were added to the five chromosome arms. Breakage points of paracentric inversions had been previously incorporated into the photomap of this species. An additional inversion is reported, called 3Lc, totaling 14 inversions in the A. darlingi chromosome arms. The proposed photomap is potentially useful for further evolutionary studies in addition to physical and in silico chromosome mapping using A. darlingi genomic and transcriptome sequences. Furthermore, in our attempt to compare sections of the 2R chromosome arm of A. darlingi with Anopheles funestus , Anopheles stephensi , and Anopheles gambiae , we found great differences in the arrangement of the polytene chromosome bands, which are consistent with the known phylogenetic divergence of these species.

The Genome of Anopheles darlingi , the main neotropical malaria vector

“…darlingi mosquitoes are easily captured in the Amazon, and raising the progeny of captured gravid females has allowed the sequencing of the mosquitoes genome and transcriptome, which complements studies of A . darlingi biology, behavior, physiology, genetics, biochemistry and insecticide resistance (4,11,23,22,53,80–85). The successful colonization of other neotropical anopheline species (86,87) and older reports of A .…”

Anopheles darlingi polytene chromosomes: revised maps including newly described inversions and evidence for population structure in Manaus

“…In forested areas near Manaus, An. darlingi populations are primarily exophagic and exophilic, and exhibit a high degree of inversion polymorphism ( Kreutzer et al 1972 , Rafael et al 2010 ). In the northern region, An.…”

“…In this study, we used unstained preparations (which provide better banding resolution than stained chromosomes) to make small modifications to the existing An. darlingi photomap published by Rafael et al (2010) . We also discuss other specific variations in banding morphology that we found.…”

“…We also discuss other specific variations in banding morphology that we found. Images of previously described ( Kreutzer et al 1972 , Rafael et al 2010 ) and new paracentric inversions are also provided for comparison. Preliminary results of population genetic analysis on inversion polymorphism of Manaus populations are discussed.…”

Chromosomal localization of actin genes in the malaria mosquito Anopheles darlingi

“…The new cytogenetic photomap of An. darlingi (Rafael et al , 2010) allowed, for the first time, the identification of chromosomal positions of the probes within subdivisions. The probe pl05‐A04 (GenBank accession no.…”