Saliva proteome profiling reveals potential salivary biomarkers for detection of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is frequently associated with poor prognosis and mortality, is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Discovery of body fluid accessible biomarkers is needed to improve OSCC screening. To this end, we profiled proteomes of saliva from the healthy volunteers, the individuals with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), and the OSCC patients by means of SDS-PAGE coupled with LC-MS/MS. In the control, the OPMD, and the OSCC groups, 958, 845, and 1030 salivary proteins were detected, respectively. With spectral counting-based label-free quantification, 22 overexpressed salivary proteins were identified in the OSCC group compared with the healthy controls and the OPMD individuals. Among them, resistin (RETN) was subjected to further validation with an independent cohort using ELISA. The data confirmed that the salivary RETN levels in the OSCC patients were significantly higher than that in the healthy or in the OPMD group. Moreover, the elevated levels of salivary RETN were highly correlated with late-stage primary tumors, advanced overall stage, and lymph-node metastasis. Our results not only reveal that profiling of saliva proteome is feasible for discovery of OSCC biomarkers, but also identify RETN as a potential salivary biomarker for OSCC detection.

Salivary biomarkers and proteomics: future diagnostic and clinical utilities

“…Among these, resistin (RETN) was validated by ELISA thus confirming proteomic data. RETN levels had significant correlation with late-stage primary tumours, advanced overall stage and lymphnode metastasis 20 . The same group used a spectral counting-based label free quantification platform to identify 64 protein candidates for OSCC 21 .…”

Proteomic and N‐glycoproteomic quantification reveal aberrant changes in the human saliva of oral ulcer patients

“…investigated the saliva proteome for biomarkers discovery of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, and identified 1173 protein in three samples, among which 742 proteins were quantified with label‐free strategy . Among these studies, quite a number of salivary proteins were found to be associated with cancers and other diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome , type‐2 diabetes , and different oral pathologies . However, the proteomic analysis of saliva in oral ulcer, one of the most common oral diseases, is still rare.…”

Proteome profiling reveals novel biomarkers to identify complicated parapneumonic effusions

“…PPE is defined as any exudative effusion associated with pneumonia, lung abscess, or bronchiectasis and is further classified as UPPE or CPPE. CPPE is defined as the presence of PPE with one of the following additional criteria: (1) pH < 7.2; (2) glucose < 60 mg/dl; (3) LDH > 1000 U/l; (4) bacteria found on Gram’s stain or culture; or (5) frank pus 3, 12 . Patients received pleural drainage or surgery for the treatment of their PPEs based on previously accepted guidelines [3].…”