Salicylic acid alleviates the heat stress-induced oxidative damage of starch biosynthesis pathway by modulating the expression of heat-stable genes and proteins in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Abstract

High temperature reduces the growth and yield of most of the agriculturally important crops. Elicitors have been reported to modulate the thermotolerance of crops under abiotic stresses. Here, we studied the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on thermotolerance level of C306 (thermotolerant) and PBW343 (thermosusceptible) wheat cultivars grown under heat stress. Pilot experiment confirmed spraying of 100 mM SA prior to heat stress (38°C, 2 h) as the most effective treatment. Numerous protein spots were observed in C306 under SA ? HS compared to PBW343 during post-anthesis stage by 2-DE. Differentially expressed proteins were identified as signaling molecule, heat-responsive transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) using MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS analysis. Abundance of transcripts of HSFs, HSPs, CDPK, SOD, RCA, etc. was observed in C306 in response to SA ? HS, as compared to PBW343. C306 showed better accumulation of transcript of SAGs, osmolyte and total antioxidant capacity under SA treatment compared to PBW343. SA was observed to reduce the detrimental effect of HS on soluble starch synthase (SSS) activity as well as synthesis of starch granules in both the cultivars.

Salicylic acid reverses pollen abortion of rice caused by heat stress

“…Additionally, our previous results indicated that 0.1 mM SA sprayed on rice plants at the floret differentiation stage noticeably alleviated the inhibition on the spikelet numbers caused by heat stress; however, no significant differences were found among SA treatments between 0.1–10 mM [ 3 ]. This phenomenon was also described by Kumar et al [ 60 ], who suggested spraying of SA at 100 mM prior to heat stress as a most effective treatment in wheat cultivars that face heat stress. However, when we added SA to the nutrient solution, the rice plants were severely inhibited at higher concentrations compared to control conditions.…”

Salicylic Acid: An All-Rounder in Regulating Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants

“…High temperature (30 C) resulted in a significant reduction in FW and soluble starch synthase activity of T. aestivum [46]. Foliar application of SA improved the FW, total RNA, and soluble starch synthase activity.…”

“…The role of SA in mitigating abiotic stress has widely been studied since last few decades ( Tables 1-4). A large volume of research reports indicate that both endogenous SA synthesis and exogenous application enhance plants tolerance to salinity [38][39][40][41][42], drought [43][44][45], extreme temperature [46][47][48][49], toxic metal and metalloids [50][51][52][53], and others [54][55][56][57][58]. Exogenous SA showed enhanced plant growth, photosynthesis, and decreased ROS production under various abiotic stresses (Tables 1-4 and Figure 2).…”

Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants: Role of Phytohormones

“…The results suggested that SA supplementation alleviates heat stress effects by interacting with proline metabolism and ethylene formation to improve photosynthesis in wheat plants. In yet another related work, Kumar et al [60] by using MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS analysis showed that spraying 100 mM SA alleviates the heat-induced (38°C) oxidative stress damage in wheat plants via modulation of the expression of heat-stable genes and proteins. Thus, SA application plays a pivotal role in alleviation the damages of myriads of abiotic stress in diverse crop plants.…”