Safety of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 among Polish Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Disease-Modifying Therapies

Czarnowska, Agata; Tarasiuk, Joanna; Zajkowska, Olga; Wnuk, Marcin; Marona, Monika; Nowak, Klaudia; Słowik, Agnieszka; Jamróz-Wiśniewska, Anna; Rejdak, Konrad; Lech, B; Popiel, Małgorzata; Rościszewska-Żukowska, Iwona; Perenc, Lidia; Bartosik-Psujek, Halina; Świderek-Matysiak, Mariola; Siger, Małgorzata; Ciach, Agnieszka; Walczak, Agata; Jurewicz, Anna; Stasiołek, Mariusz; Kania, Karolina; Dyczkowska, Klara; Kalinowska-Łyszczarz, Alicja; Galus, Weronika; Walawska-Hrycek, Anna; Krzystanek, Ewa; Chojdak-Łukasiewicz, Justyna; Ubysz, Jakub; Pokryszko−Dragan, Anna; Kapica-Topczewska, Katarzyna; Chorąży, Monika; Bazylewicz, Marcin; Mirończuk, Anna; Kulikowska, Joanna; Kochanowicz, Jan; Białek, Marta; Stolarz, Małgorzata; Kubicka-Bączyk, Katarzyna; Niedziela, Natalia; Morawiec, Natalia; Adamczyk-Sowa, Monika; Podlecka-Piętowska, Aleksandra; Nojszewska, Monika; Zakrzewska-Pniewska, Beata; Jasińska, Elżbieta; Zaborski, Jacek; Milewska-Jędrzejczak, Marta; Zwiernik, Jacek; Zwiernik, Beata; Potemkowski, Andrzej; Brola, Waldemar; Kułakowska, Alina

doi:10.3390/vaccines10050763

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In one of our previous works, we collected a database of more than 2000 individuals with MS from Poland, and the relapse rate after vaccination against COVID-19 was low ( 7 ). Similarly, low relapse incidence after vaccination was described by Kong et al ( 8 ), including individuals with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: First manifestation of multiple sclerosis temporally correlated with COVID-19 vaccination

et al. 2023

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There are several case reports describing a temporal correlation between the first clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the occurrence of relapses with vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Here we report a case of a 33-year-old male who developed partial right upper and lower extremities numbness 2 weeks after receiving Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. The brain MRI performed during diagnostics in the Department of Neurology detected several demyelinating lesions, one with enhancement. Oligoclonal bands were present in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was treated with high-dose glucocorticoid therapy with improvement and the diagnosis of MS was made. It seems plausible that the vaccination revealed the underlying autoimmune condition. Cases like the one we reported here are rare, and—based on current knowledge—the benefits of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 far outweigh the potential risks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: First manifestation of multiple sclerosis temporally correlated with COVID-19 vaccination

et al. 2023

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“…There are quite a number of studies on the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with MS. In a Polish study of 2261 MS patients who received the COVID-19 vaccine, 70.6% (1597/2261) of patients experienced side effects after vaccination, but most of them were mild symptoms such as flu-like symptoms and injection site pain [ 15 ]. In addition, only 4.4% (99/2261) of patients experienced a relapse after vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, vaccination is a complex issue in this population considering that these patients are frequently subjected to immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive treatments. A number of recent studies of patients with MS have shown that COVID-19 vaccination does not increase the risk of clinical relapse and serious adverse events, suggesting favorable safety of COVID-19 vaccine in MS patients [14][15][16]. The issue of immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in relation to MS medications has also been evaluated in some studies [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD

Kim

Seok

2023

Neurol Sci

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Introduction Vaccination against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is recommended for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). However, vaccine safety in these patients taking immunotherapeutic agents is unclear as they were not included in the vaccine trials. Objectives To evaluate the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD. Methods We reviewed the medical records of MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD patients at the Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital. Information regarding vaccination schedules and adverse events was collected. Results A total of 56 patients (19, 22, and 15 patients with MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD, respectively) with a median age of 48.18 ± 15.72 years (range, 16–81 years) were included. Of them, 42 (75.0%) were female. In total, 76.8% (43/56) of all patients were vaccinated, and the vaccination rate was the highest for NMOSD patients (81.8%) and the lowest for MS patients (68.4%). All vaccinated patients were administered mRNA vaccines at least once in single or multiple vaccination doses. Only 3 of 43 (7.0%) vaccinated patients experienced clinical relapse following vaccination. Facial sensory changes with a brainstem lesion developed in an MS patient taking dimethyl fumarate, while myelitis occurred in a MOGAD patient receiving azathioprine maintenance therapy. The first episode of optic neuritis occurred in a patient who was later diagnosed with MOGAD. Conclusions Our study demonstrated a favorable safety profile with no serious adverse events associated with COVID-19 vaccines in patients with MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD.

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“…Therefore, despite the above rare case reports, it is mostly considered that the benefits of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines vastly outweigh the potential risks [ 116 ]. Most adverse events following vaccination are mild, and the acute relapse incidence is low [ 118 ].…”

Section: Neurological Complications Following Covid-19 Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological consequences of COVID-19

Brola

Wilski²

2022

Pharmacol. Rep

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In December 2019, cases of pneumonia caused by infection with the previously unknown severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), were identified. Typical manifestations of COVID-19 are fever, cough, fatigue and dyspnoea. Initially, it was thought that the mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2 was only associated with respiratory tract invasion, but it was later revealed that the infection might involve many other organs and systems, including the central and peripheral nervous systems. Neurological complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection include encephalopathy, encephalitis, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. In cases of peripheral nervous system involvement, smell and taste disorders, myopathy or the signs and symptoms of Guillain‒Barré syndrome are observed. The most common early neurological complications, particularly during the first year of the epidemic, were anosmia and taste disorders, which, according to some studies, occurred in over 80 percent of patients with COVID-19. The proportion of patients with serious neurological manifestations was small compared to the global number of patients, but the numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections and critical patients increased substantially. The experience from 2 years of the pandemic has shown that approximately 13% of infected patients suffer from severe neurological complications. The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and the nervous system is not only a cause of neurological complications in previously healthy individuals but also directly and indirectly affects the courses of many nervous system diseases.

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Safety of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 among Polish Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Disease-Modifying Therapies

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Case report: First manifestation of multiple sclerosis temporally correlated with COVID-19 vaccination

Case report: First manifestation of multiple sclerosis temporally correlated with COVID-19 vaccination

Evaluation of the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD

Neurological consequences of COVID-19

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