Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials in Cosmetics: Focus on Dermal and Hair Dyes Products

Abstract

Nanomaterials use in cosmetics is markedly enhancing, so their exposure and toxicity are important parameters to consider for their risk assessment. This review article provides an overview of the active cosmetic ingredients used for cosmetic application, including dermal cosmetics and also hair dye cosmetics, as well as their safety assessment, enriched with a compilation of the safety assessment tests available to evaluate the different types of toxicity. In fact, despite the increase in research and the number of papers published in the field of nanotechnology, the related safety assessment is still insufficient. To elucidate the possible effects that nanosized particles can have on living systems, more studies reproducing similar conditions to what happens in vivo should be conducted, particularly considering the complex interactions of the biological systems and active cosmetic ingredients to achieve newer, safer, and more efficient nanomaterials. Toward this end, ecological issues and the toxicological pattern should also be a study target.

Recent Advancements in Natural Plant Colorants Used for Hair Dye Applications: A Review

“…Therefore, safety assessments of both natural colorant ingredients and hair dye formulations are compulsory. It is also necessary to establish a toxicological database of hair dye plants and their main colorants since currently most plant extracts used in hair dye cosmetics are lacking important toxicological information such as acute/sub-chronic systemic toxicity, irritancy, allergenicity and genotoxicity [124].…”

Polyphenols Coordinated with Cu (II) in an Aqueous System Build Ion-Channel Coatings on Hair Surfaces

“…With the advancement of globalization, hair dye has become more and more popular among all cultures and ethnicities, desirable not only in natural colors but also in colors beyond individuals’ genetic predispositions [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. As a result, hair dyeing has become one of the most prosperous industries in cosmetics to date [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Human hair has a simple structure that is mainly composed of protein.…”