Safety and Immunogenicity of Three Doses of a Five-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Children Younger Than Two Years With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Abstract

Three doses of PCV seem safe and immunogenic in both HIV- and non-HIV-infected children younger than 2 years. This type of vaccine should result in a marked reduction in systemic pneumococcal disease in both HIV- and non-HIV-infected children. Given the high incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in HIV-infected children, this vaccine may markedly improve the quality of life for this unfortunate group of children.

Avaliação da resposta humoral à vacina pneumocócica 7-valente em crianças com Aids

“…5,12,13 Serotypes 9V and 19F also seem to elicit strong responses, while 18C and 23F seem to elicit weak responses. 5,12,13 In regard to HIV-related immune compromising in the children of the study, CD4 was used as a marker and measured within three months prior to immunization. Although 27.5% of the children studied were classifi ed as category C, 95% were receiving antiretroviral therapy and had CD4 ≥25%.…”

“…16 King et al 4 in 1996, defi ned "evidence of humoral response" as a 4-fold increase or more in post-compared to pre-immunization antibody titers. A year later, 5 while investigating the same 5-valent vaccine, they chose to set the protective antibody titer at 1,0 μg/mL based on 1981 Landesman & Schiffman study. 9…”

Avaliação da resposta humoral à vacina pneumocócica 7-valente em crianças com Aids

“…Other studies on the immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in HIV-infected children have also been based on assumptions described for non-HIV-infected children while defi ning a protective antibody level. 4,5,13 However, in 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) 16,20 defi ned a protective antibody level against pneumococcal invasive disease for healthy children immunized with a conjugate vaccine. Humoral response to the vaccine in healthy children was defi ned as titers equal to or greater than 0.35 μg/mL measured using ELISA within one month post-primary immunization.…”

“…16 King et al 4 in 1996, defi ned "evidence of humoral response" as a 4-fold increase or more in post-compared to pre-immunization antibody titers. A year later, 5 while investigating the same 5-valent vaccine, they chose to set the protective antibody titer at 1,0 μg/mL based on 1981 Landesman & Schiffman study.…”

“…5,12,13 In regard to HIV-related immune compromising in the children of the study, CD4 was used as a marker and measured within three months prior to immunization. Although 27.5% of the children studied were classifi ed as category C, 95% were receiving antiretroviral therapy and had CD4 ≥25%.…”