Safety and Efficacy of the Therapeutic Use of Cannabis-Based Products in the Treatment of Dogs: An Integrative Review

Andrade, Diego Fontana de; Gewehr, João Lourenço Hasckel; Almeida, Erik Amazonas de

doi:10.1089/can.2021.0172

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Finally, predicted ranges in our research should be taken with caution because they derived from a reduced population (8 animals/trial) similar to other studies in horses 20,52–54 . Subsequently, in order to evaluate their usefulness in clinical studies, they should be confirmed with in vivo clinical studies, as performed in dogs with osteoarthritis 10,11 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Clinical therapeutic concentrations of CBD in humans ranged from 5–10 and 15–30 ng/ml after oral CBD at 2.5 and 10.00 mg/kg at 10 weeks, whereas that in dogs, 2.00 mg/kg every 12 h have been described as beneficial for 4 weeks 8–12,15,16 . Although effective plasma levels and doses may not be similar between species, these comparisons can be used as a previous reference for subsequent clinical uses, emphasising the importance of the development of more effective formulations for such lipophilic drugs as CBD 10,48–50 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An intermediate IV dose of 1.00 mg/kg was selected. Oral doses between 1.00 and 10.00 mg/kg have been studied in these species showing an oral bioavailability close to 10% 8–11,26,27 . Consequently, oral doses at 10.00 mg/kg were selected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of CBD have been studied in human and animals, including clinical uses for the treatment of pain, anxiety or inflammation, as well as tolerability assays with a wide range of doses 5–8 . In dogs, different studies have shown efficacy and safety in reducing pain for the treatment of osteoarthritis, suggesting a potential use in canine patients 9–11 . On the other hand, CBD is a highly lipophilic drug with limited oral bioavailability ( F %) of 6%–10% in humans and dogs with doses comprised between 2.00 and 10.00 mg/kg 7,9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8] In dogs, different studies have shown efficacy and safety in reducing pain for the treatment of osteoarthritis, suggesting a potential use in canine patients. [9][10][11] On the other hand, CBD is a highly lipophilic drug with limited oral bioavailability (F%) of 6%-10% in humans and dogs with doses comprised between 2.00 and 10.00 mg/kg. 7,9,10 It has been observed that clinically effective plasma concentrations can be achieved in humans with prolonged treatments after multiple oral administrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of cannabidiol in horses after intravenous and oral administration with oil and micellar formulations

Medina

Serrano-Rodríguez

Castro

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Journal

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BackgroundIntravenous pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of cannabidiol (CBD) with different formulations have not been investigated in horses and may represent a starting point for clinical studies.ObjectivesTo describe pharmacokinetics after intravenous and oral administrations with oil and micellar formulations and simulate different treatments.Study designSingle intravenous experiment and two‐way randomised oral experiments, Latin‐square design.MethodsEight healthy horses received intravenous CBD at 1.00 mg/kg dose, oral CBD in sesame oil and in micellar formulation, both at 10.00 mg/kg. Concentrations were measured using LC–MS/MS and fitted by nonlinear mixed effect modelling. Parameters obtained were used to simulate single and multiple treatments at steady state.ResultsIntravenous and oral concentrations were simultaneously fitted using a three‐compartment model. Final estimates indicate that CBD has a volume of distribution of 36 L/kg associated with a systemic clearance of 1.46 L/h/kg and half‐lives ranged between 24 and 34 h. Oral bioavailability was close to 14% for both oral administrations. Simulated dose regimen of CBD every 12 and 24 h predicted similar percentages to reach effective plasma concentration with both oral formulation at 10.00 mg/kg.Main limitationsA small horse population was used (8 horses per trial).Conclusions and clinical importanceOral bioavailability was low at the doses studied but fell within the range described for horse and other species. CBD had a high steady‐state volume of distribution, a high clearance and long half‐lives. No adverse reactions were detected at any dose or route. The micellar formulation showed a faster absorption and higher concentration peak, while the oil formulation presented lower levels, but more maintained over time. Simulations predicted that both could be useful in multiple oral dose treatments. These results indicated that CBD could be of interest, but further studies are needed to evaluate its clinical use in horses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%