S-100B: A Stronger Prognostic Biomarker than LDH in Stage IIIB–C Melanoma

Wevers, Kevin; Kruijff, Schelto; Speijers, M.J.; Bastiaannet, E.; Kobold, Anneke C. Muller; Hoekstra, Harald J.

doi:10.1245/s10434-013-2949-y

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This was confirmed by our observation of increased melanin corpuscles by electron microscopy. S-100B and MIA are widely used as biomarkers for melanoma [24][25][26][27]. In our study, the expression of both S-100B and MIA was significantly decreased in B16-F1 cells after treatment with CMSP, which suggested a mitigation of their malignant phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

P-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde Induces B16-F1 Melanoma Cell Differentiation via the RhoA-MAPK Signaling Pathway

Zhao

Sun

Han

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Due to its antitumor and gastroprotective properties, cochinchina momordica seed (CMS), has been widely used to treat cancer patients in Asia. Our previous reports have shown that CMS is able to induce the differentiation of B16-F1 melanoma cells. However, its functional component and mechanism remain unclear and are addressed in this study. Methods and Results: CMSP (p-hydroxycinnamaldehyde isolated from CMS) inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of B16-F1 cells both in vivo and in vitro. CMSP also induced the differentiation of B16-F1 cells, as characterized by dendrite-like outgrowth, increased melanogenesis and enhanced tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, CMSP treatment reduced the level of malignant markers of melanoma, specifically S-100B and melanoma-derived growth regulatory protein precursor (MIA), in a concentration-dependent manner. According to a western blot analysis, B16-F1 cells treated with CMSP exhibited a sustained increase in p-P38 and decreased activities of ERK and JNK. Our data further indicated that the downregulation of GTP-RhoA, which was mediated by increased cAMP release, was involved in CMSP-induced changes in MAPK, while LPA (Lysophosphatidic acid) partially reversed CMSP-induced B16 cell differentiation. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that CMSP-induced differentiation of B16F1 cells may occur through the RhoA-MAPK axis, which suggests a new potential strategy for melanoma treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

P-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde Induces B16-F1 Melanoma Cell Differentiation via the RhoA-MAPK Signaling Pathway

Zhao

Sun

Han

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…In addition, recent data shows that treatment monitoring in patients with SCLC might be optimized using ProGRP and NSE as TMs [40]. Based on the same concept, the addition of nucleic acids (e.g., ctDNA) might help in closing the diagnostic gap in tumors without known TMs (e.g., sarcomas) or in combination improve the monitoring of malignancies with less established TMs (e.g., S-100B in melanomas [79, 80]) Further ongoing novel marker research will hopefully add to our current armamentarium of available TM.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinically Meaningful Use of Blood Tumor Markers in Oncology

Holdenrieder

Pagliaro

Morgenstern

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Before the introduction of modern imaging techniques and the recent developments in molecular diagnosis, tumor markers (TMs) were among the few available diagnostic tools for the management of cancer patients. Easily obtained from serum or plasma samples, TMs are minimally invasive and convenient, and the associated costs are low. Single TMs were traditionally used but these have come under scrutiny due to their low sensitivity and specificity when used, for example, in a screening setting. However, recent research has shown superior performance using a combination of multiple TMs as a panel for assessment, or as part of validated algorithms that also incorporate other clinical factors. In addition, newer TMs have been discovered that have an increased sensitivity and specificity profile for defined malignancies. The aim of this review is to provide a concise overview of the appropriate uses of both traditional and newer TMs and their roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and the monitoring of patients in current clinical practice. We also look at the future direction of TMs and their integration with other diagnostic modalities and other emerging serum based biomarkers, such as circulating nucleic acids, to ultimately advance diagnostic performance and improve patient management.

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“…S100B was also linked to inflammation since it interacts with the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) and mediates NF-kB signaling, in a time and dose-dependent manner 78 . Another study brought evidence that circulatory S100B could pinpoint with a better precision than LDH, the poor prognosis in stage IIIB-C melanoma patients 79 . Our previously published results have shown that in adult melanoma patients, there is a strong correlation between S100B and melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) and that this association matches an unfavorable clinical evolution.…”

Section: Circulatory Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%