Rural workers have less access to paid sick days

Smith, Kristin; Schaefer, Andrew P.

doi:10.34051/p/2020.140

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Jobs common for lower SES individuals (e.g. service industry) have fewer labor protections, like paid sick leave 143,144 , and are more likely to terminate during a quarantine, thus limiting the ability to stockpile food and water. Ensured job security or income replacement would limit the negative effects of quarantine measures on already vulnerable populations and, thereby, encourage quarantine compliance 145 .…”

Section: Socioeconomic Status (Ses) As a Health Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Compounding Health Risks and Increased Vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 for Racial and Ethnic Minorities and Low Socioeconomic Status Individuals in the United States

Em¹

2020

Preprint

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Recent clinical SARS-CoV-2 studies link diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension to increased disease severity. In the US, racial and ethnic minorities and low socioeconomic status (SES) individuals are more likely to have increased rates of these comorbidities, lower baseline health, limited access to care, increased perceived discrimination, and limited resources, all of which increase their vulnerability to severe disease and poor health outcomes from SARS-CoV-2. Previous studies demonstrated the disproportionate impact of pandemic and seasonal influenza on these populations, due to these risk factors. This paper reviews increased health risks and documented health disparities of racial and ethnic minorities and low SES individuals in the US. Pandemic response must prioritize these marginalized communities to minimize the negative, disproportionate impacts of SARS-CoV-2 on them and manage spread throughout the entire population. This paper concludes with recommendations applicable to healthcare facilities and public officials at various government levels.

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Section: Socioeconomic Status (Ses) As a Health Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Compounding Health Risks and Increased Vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 for Racial and Ethnic Minorities and Low Socioeconomic Status Individuals in the United States

Em¹

2020

Preprint

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“…Employees without access to PSD were more likely to work while sick compared to those with PSD [ 12 – 14 ]. Compared to employed adults without PSD, those with PSD were shown to miss 1.5 more days of work for illness or injury [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PSD access has also been associated with employee health itself; for example, those with PSD had fewer injuries in the workplace than those without PSD [ 16 ]. Those without PSD were more likely to delay or forgo seeking medical care for their own or a family member’s injury or illness [ 15 ], and were more likely to seek care in an emergency department than in a doctor’s office [ 10 , 12 , 14 ]. Also, the risk of delaying medical care or seeking care in an emergency department was disproportionately higher in low-income groups without PSD [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among low-income households, parents with PSD were more likely to stay home to care for an ill child than were parents without PSD [ 13 ] Researchers studying San Francisco’s PSD law [ 19 ] determined that parents with knowledge of paid sick days coverage were significantly less likely to report sending a sick child to school [ 20 ]. Also, the 2010 National Paid Sick Days Study found that parents without PSD were twice as likely to send a sick child to school or daycare compared to parents with access to PSD [ 14 ]. How PSD access and other demographic factors are associated with parental stay-at-home behavior when a child has influenza remains to be examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paid sick days and stay-at-home behavior for influenza

et al. 2017

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Access to paid sick days (PSD) differs by workplace size, race/ethnicity, gender, and income in the United States. It is not known to what extent decisions to stay home from work when sick with infectious illnesses such as influenza depend on PSD access, and whether access impacts certain demographic groups more than others. We examined demographic and workplace characteristics (including access to PSD) associated with employees’ decisions to stay home from work for their own or a child’s illness. Linking the 2009 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) consolidated data file to the medical conditions file, we used multivariate Poisson regression models with robust variance estimates to identify factors associated with missed work for an employee’s own or a child’s illness/injury, influenza-like-illness (ILI), and influenza. Controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, education, and income, access to PSD was associated with a higher probability of staying home for an employee’s own illness/injury, ILI, or influenza, and for a child’s illness/injury. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with a lower prevalence of staying home for the employee’s own or a child’s illness compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Access to PSD was associated with a significantly greater increase in the probability of staying home among Hispanics than among non-Hispanic Whites. Women had a significantly higher probability of staying home for their child’s illness compared to men, suggesting that women remain the primary caregivers for ill children. Our results indicate that PSD access is important to encourage employees to stay home from work when sick with ILI or influenza. Also, PSD access may be important to enable stay-at-home behavior among Hispanics. We conclude that access to PSD is likely to reduce the spread of disease in workplaces by increasing the rate at which sick employees stay home from work, and reduce the economic burden of staying home on minorities, women, and families.

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“…However, workers who lack sufficient paid sick days are also more likely to lack other forms of paid time off, such as vacation days. 5 Furthermore, many workers believe that taking unpaid sick time places their job in jeopardy or will hurt their prospects for promotion. 6 Paid sick days provide job protection to workers and a steady paycheck when they need to care for a sick child.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rural workers have less access to paid sick days

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Compounding Health Risks and Increased Vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 for Racial and Ethnic Minorities and Low Socioeconomic Status Individuals in the United States

Compounding Health Risks and Increased Vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 for Racial and Ethnic Minorities and Low Socioeconomic Status Individuals in the United States

Paid sick days and stay-at-home behavior for influenza

Who cares for the sick kids? parents’ access to paid time to care for a sick child

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