Runoff generation and water table fluctuations in blanket peat: evidence from UK data spanning the dry summer of 1995

Evans, Martin; Burt, Tim; Holden, Joseph; Adamson, J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(99)00085-2

Cited by 216 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When compared to peat catchments of temperate regions and non-peat catchments of Malaysia, the study peat catchment is found flashier. For example, the mean storm runoff ratio in a blanket peat catchment of the United Kingdom is about 40% (Evans et al 1999).…”

Section: Hydrological Behaviour Of the Peat Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological behaviour of a drained agricultural peat catchment in the tropics. 1: Rainfall, runoff and water table relationships

Katimon

Shahid

Wahab

et al. 2013

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Hydrological data of a drained tropical peat catchment have been analysed through conventional quantitative hydrological approaches to characterize its hydrological behaviours and changes due to continuous drainage for a long period. The results show that the hydrology of the catchment is extremely dynamic and the catchment is flashy in nature. A decreasing trend in peak flow amount and an increasing trend in baseflow amount was observed in the catchment, indicating that continuous drainage has reduced the risk of both flooding and water scarcity in the catchment. Correlation analysis among rainfall, runoff and groundwater table reveals that saturation excessnear surface flow is the dominant mechanism responsible for rapid runoff generation in the catchment. Therefore, any physical alterations or disturbances to the upper part of the peat profile would definitely affect the overall hydrological behaviour of the peat catchment.Key words drained peat catchment; rainfall; water table; runoff ratio; tropics Comportement hydrologique d'un bassin versant agricole drainé en zone de tourbière tropicale. 1: Relations entre la pluie, le ruissellement et la nappe Résumé Les données hydrologiques d'un bassin versant tropical drainé en zone de tourbière ont été analysées par des approches hydrologiques quantitatives conventionnelles afin de caractériser son comportement hydrologique et son évolution en réponse au drainage continu pendant une longue période. Les résultats montrent que l'hydrologie la dynamique du bassin versant est très rapide, présentant des crues éclair. Une tendance à la diminution des débits de pointe et à l'augmentation des débits de base a été observée dans le bassin versant, ce qui indique que le drainage continu a permis de réduire à la fois le risque d'inondation et celui de pénurie d'eau. La corrélation entre les précipitations, les eaux de ruissellement et le niveau de la nappe phréatique révèle que l'écoulement de surface par excès de saturation est le mécanisme dominant responsable de la production de ruissellement rapide dans le bassin versant. Par conséquent, toutes les modifications physiques ou perturbations de la partie supérieure du profil de tourbe auraient certainement une incidence sur le comportement hydrologique global de ce bassin versant en zone de tourbière.

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Section: Hydrological Behaviour Of the Peat Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological behaviour of a drained agricultural peat catchment in the tropics. 1: Rainfall, runoff and water table relationships

Katimon

Shahid

Wahab

et al. 2013

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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“…The solid geology is covered by glacial till and colluvial material whose poor drainage qualities facilitated the development of blanket peat during the Holocene. Blanket peat covers 90% of Trout Beck catchment (Evans et al, 1999). The vegetation of the reserve is dominated by Eriophorum sp.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment

Worrall

Burt

Rowson

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

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107

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This study estimates the complete carbon budget of an 11.4 km 2 peat-covered catchment in Northern England. The budget considers both fluvial and gaseous carbon fluxes and includes estimates of particulate organic carbon (POC); dissolved organic carbon (DOC); excess dissolved CO 2 ; release of methane (CH 4 ); net ecosystem respiration of CO 2 ; and uptake of CO 2 by primary productivity. All components except CH 4 were measured directly in the catchment and annual carbon budgets were calculated for the catchment between 1993 and 2005 using both extrapolation and interpolation methods. The study shows that: Over the 13 year study period the total carbon balance varied between a net sink of − 20 to − 91 Mg C/km 2 /yr. The biggest component of this budget is the uptake of carbon by primary productivity (− 178 Mg C/km 2 /yr) and in most years the second largest component is the loss of DOC from the peat profile (+39 Mg C/km 2 /yr). Direct exchanges of C with the atmosphere average − 89 Mg C/km 2 /yr in the catchment. Extrapolating the general findings of the carbon budget across all UK peatlands results in an approximate carbon balance of − 1.2 Tg C/ yr (±0.4 Pg C/yr) which is larger than previously reported values. Carbon budgets should always be reported with a clear statement of the techniques used and errors involved as this is significant when comparing results across studies.

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“…Studies of various peatlands show that streamflows are dominated by high peak flows and discontinuous summer flow (e.g. Bay (1969) in the continental bogs of Minnesota, Price (1992b) in the blanket bogs of Newfoundland and Evans et al (1999) and Holden & Burt (2003a) in British blanket peats). Response to rainfall was shown to be rapid, and peat streams tended to have hydrographs with steep recessional curves and minimal baseflow.…”

Section: Peatland Hydrology (A ) Water Balance and River Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peatland hydrology and carbon release: why small-scale process matters

Holden

2005

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

345

276

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Peatlands cover over 400 million hectares of the Earth's surface and store between onethird and one-half of the world's soil carbon pool. The long-term ability of peatlands to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere means that they play a major role in moderating global climate. Peatlands can also either attenuate or accentuate flooding. Changing climate or management can alter peatland hydrological processes and pathways for water movement across and below the peat surface. It is the movement of water in peats that drives carbon storage and flux. These small-scale processes can have global impacts through exacerbated terrestrial carbon release. This paper will describe advances in understanding environmental processes operating in peatlands. Recent (and future) advances in high-resolution topographic data collection and hydrological modelling provide an insight into the spatial impacts of land management and climate change in peatlands. Nevertheless, there are still some major challenges for future research. These include the problem that impacts of disturbance in peat can be irreversible, at least on human time-scales. This has implications for the perceived success and understanding of peatland restoration strategies. In some circumstances, peatland restoration may lead to exacerbated carbon loss. This will also be important if we decide to start to create peatlands in order to counter the threat from enhanced atmospheric carbon.

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Runoff generation and water table fluctuations in blanket peat: evidence from UK data spanning the dry summer of 1995

Cited by 216 publications

References 20 publications

Hydrological behaviour of a drained agricultural peat catchment in the tropics. 1: Rainfall, runoff and water table relationships

Hydrological behaviour of a drained agricultural peat catchment in the tropics. 1: Rainfall, runoff and water table relationships

The multi-annual carbon budget of a peat-covered catchment

Peatland hydrology and carbon release: why small-scale process matters

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