Rubidium extraction from mineral and brine resources: A review

Xing, Peng; Wang, Chengyan; Chen, Yongqiang; Ma, Baozhong

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105644

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…(2) (3) where C i and C f (mg • L -1 ) are the initial and fi nal equilibrated concentrations of metal ions in the aqueous phase, respectively. V aq (mL) and V org (mL) represent the volume of the aqueous phase and organic phase, res pectively.…”

Section: Solvent Extraction Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of rubidium ion from brine solutions by dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 / ionic liquid system

Huang

Ma²,

et al. 2023

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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Separation among rubidium and potassium ions from salt lake brines remains challenging. In this work, a typical room temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-metyhlimidazaolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C2mim+][NTf2 –]) was used as diluent and synergistic extractant, dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6) was used as extractant to extract rubidium ions from brine solutions which contain high concentrations of potassium ions was investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the single extraction efficiency of rubidium ions was up 93.63%. The thermodynamic parameters of the rubidium ion extraction were obtained. Based on the slope analysis method, the extracted species in the organic phase were ascertained as 1:1 complex. UV-visible has been performed to investigate the ion concentration of ionic liquid before and after the interaction of metal ions and ligands. Rubidium ions in [Rb · DCH18C6]+ complex were stripped by 2.5 mol · L–1 NH4NO3. The extraction system offers high efficiency, simplicity and environmentally friendly application prospect to separate rubidium from brine solutions.

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Section: Solvent Extraction Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of rubidium ion from brine solutions by dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 / ionic liquid system

Huang

Ma²,

et al. 2023

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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“…Lepidolite is the next most important lithium-bearing mineral after spodumene. The molecular formula is typically K(Li,Al) 3 (Si,Al) 4 O 10 (OH,F) 2 [59]. The chemical composition of lepidolite varies greatly because of the different degrees of crystallization differentiation.…”

Section: Extraction Of Lithium From Lepidolitementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Liu

Lü

et al. 2022

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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Lithium is considered to be the most important energy metal of the 21st century. Because of the development trend of global electrification, the consumption of lithium has increased significantly over the last decade, and it is foreseeable that its demand will continue to increase for a long time. Limited by the total amount of lithium on the market, lithium extraction from natural resources is still the first choice for the rapid development of emerging industries. This paper reviews the recent technological developments in the extraction of lithium from natural resources. Existing methods are summarized by the main resources, such as spodumene, lepidolite, and brine. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared. Finally, reasonable suggestions are proposed for the development of lithium extraction from natural resources based on the understanding of existing methods. This review provides a reference for the research, development, optimization, and industrial application of future processes.

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“…Although Rb has a higher resource abundance than those of both lithium (Li) and cesium (Cs) in the Earth’s crust, Rb does not occur as an independent mineral and exists usually in symbiosis or companionship with elements such as Li, potassium (K), and Cs . Therefore, most Rb is normally obtained as a byproduct from mica, feldspar, and kaolin, and salt lakes and seawater . With the gradual growth of demand for Rb resources, the exploitation of Rb-bearing minerals has been gaining more and more attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Leaching of Rubidium from Biotite by Ion Exchange without Destroying the Lamellar Crystal Structure

Han,

Ran,

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Both the rare metal in the mica and the mica minerals are valuable resources. However, in order to obtain the rare metal during the conventional extraction process, the mica crystal has to be destroyed, which results in a lot of solid waste being generated and inefficient utilization of mica minerals. In this work, rubidium-bearing biotite (Rb-BB) was adopted to efficiently extract Rb through ion exchange. The influences of experimental conditions on the Rb leaching efficiency (L e (Rb)) were explored in detail. Under the optimal conditions of 0.6 g/g Mg(NO 3 ) 2 , 1.5 mol/L H 2 SO 4 , leaching temperature 363 K, leaching time 6 h, and liquid−solid rate 5:1 (mL/ g), L e (Rb) reached 95.6%. The microscopic process was characterized by virous characterization techniques. The results clearly revealed that the lamellar structure of biotite was still retained complete and Mg 2+ was enriched in the biotite layers after leaching. Compared with direct acid leaching, this process could reduce the consumption of H 2 SO 4 by 54.73% with the same L e (Rb). Furthermore, the leaching kinetics analyses showed that the enhanced extraction of Rb was a chemical-controlled process with an activation energy (E a ) of 43.62 kJ/mol. Therefore, this process provides a promising strategy for the efficient extraction of metals occurring in phyllosilicate minerals.

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Rubidium extraction from mineral and brine resources: A review

Cited by 47 publications

References 58 publications

Extraction of rubidium ion from brine solutions by dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 / ionic liquid system

Extraction of rubidium ion from brine solutions by dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 / ionic liquid system

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Efficient Leaching of Rubidium from Biotite by Ion Exchange without Destroying the Lamellar Crystal Structure

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