Rotor Angle Stability Enhancement Using Coordinated PSS and TCSC for 3 Machine 9 Bus System

Development of intelligent protection and automation control systems using fuzzy logic elements

“…A literature review has shown that combining multiple functions in one microprocessor terminal dramatically reduces the reliability of protection, since if this terminal fails, too many functions will be lost at once compared to the case when these functions are distributed among several terminals [6]- [9], the need to limit the number of functions implemented in one terminal was also discussed in their reports by scientists at the international conference "modern trends in the development of protection systems and automation of power systems" [10]- [12], a sharp increase in the level of complexity of the work of personnel servicing protection with the transition to the MPD, as the cause of severe accidents in power systems [13], [14], the complexity of the software interface and the need to introduce an excessive number of set points during the programming of the MPR [15]- [17], the unsatisfactory state of the electromagnetic environment at most old substations, which were designed and built for electromechanical protection [18]- [20], and not for microprocessor protection [21], and about the numerous failures in the operation of the MPD arising from this [22], the lack of universal strict requirements for the hardware of the MPD and software, and as a result [23], too many programs and algorithms embedded in the MPD used in one power system, which leads to problems during operation and to increase the probability of false operation of these devices. Most of these devices must be installed in heated switchgear, since at temperatures below -25 degrees, the liquid crystal display with which microprocessor devices are equipped becomes unreadable.…”