Rosemary Reduces Heat Stress by Inducing CRYAB and HSP70 Expression in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Heat stress negatively affects poultry production and animal health. In response, animals invoke a heat stress response by inducing heat shock proteins (HSPs). Scientists are actively seeking natural products that can enhance the heat shock response. The present study aimed at assessing the effects of a purified rosemary extract comprising antioxidant compounds on the heat shock response and HSP expression profile in broiler chickens. The response of broilers to HS in the presence of purified rosemary extract was assessed using an in vivo myocardial cell model. Pathological lesions of heart tissue were examined microscopically. The levels and activities of enzymes associated with heart damage and oxidative damage were detected. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for HSPs in myocardial cells. The results showed that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and myocardial CK (CKMB) levels were reduced by the purified rosemary extract before and during heat stress. Heat stress alone increased CK and CKMB levels. The levels of oxidative damage-associated enzymes were compared between the rosemary + heat stress and heat stress-alone groups. The results indicated that in terms of these enzymes, the purified rosemary extract induced a more antioxidative state. Pathological examinations showed that heat stress caused myocardial fiber fracture, karyopyknosis, and degeneration. The addition of purified rosemary extract ameliorated these lesions to some degree, preserving more of the basic structure. Heat stress decreased the cellular levels of crystallin alpha B (CRYAB) and HSP70. The addition of the purified rosemary extract significantly increased the levels of CRYAB and HSP70 during heat stress (p < 0.0001). Immunohistochemistry showed that after rosemary treatment, CRYAB and HSP70 showed more intense staining compared with the no heat stress control group. In the rosemary + heat group, after 10 hours of heat stress, the staining intensity of these two proteins remained higher than in the heat stress group. Thus, purified rosemary extract could induce high levels of HSP70 and CRYAB in chicken hearts before and during heat stress. Purified rosemary extract could be used to alleviate heat stress in broiler chickens.

Assessment of Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus salivarius Isolated From Chickens as Feed Additives

“…Chickens are particularly vulnerable to high temperatures due to the lack of sweat glands on their feathers and skin (27). In addition to reduce the room temperature by spraying water, negative effects of heat stress can be alleviated by feeding anti-oxidative substances in poultry production (6,27).…”

“…Chickens are particularly vulnerable to high temperatures due to the lack of sweat glands on their feathers and skin ( 27 ). In addition to reduce the room temperature by spraying water, negative effects of heat stress can be alleviated by feeding anti-oxidative substances in poultry production ( 6 , 27 ). Previous studies have evaluated the antioxidant activity of various Lactobacillus strains and indicated that Lactobacillus salivarius showed good anti-oxidative properties ( 28 , 29 ).…”

Effect of Glutamine on Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Peroxidation in the Breast Muscle of Heat-stressed Broilers via Antioxidant Genes and HSP70 Pathway

“…HSP70 is distributed in various cell types, and its expression increases significantly under stress conditions [14,39]. It can enhance the tolerance of cells to stimulants, protect tissues, and reduce lipid peroxidation and DNA breakage induced by reactive oxygen species, thereby making the body adapt to heat and improve body tolerance [40]. Because of its physiological and pathological functions, HSP70 has become a hot spot in broiler science research.…”

“…Because of its physiological and pathological functions, HSP70 has become a hot spot in broiler science research. Several research articles indicated that there was an empirical relationship between oxidative stress and HSP70 expression [40,41]. Zhang et al pointed out a raised HSP70 transcriptional level when broilers were exposed to hot environments [12].…”

Estresse térmico agudo altera epicárdio, vasos epicárdicos, aspectos morfológicos, morfométricos e quantitativos do plexo cardíaco de frangos de granja

“…Isto porque quando a temperatura ambiental é elevada além da zona de termo neutralidade, as aves aumentam tanto o ritmo respiratório quanto o cardíaco para reduzir a temperatura corporal e a pressão sanguínea. Tais alterações levam a falhas, inclusive em relação à inervação do coração, uma vez que as células cardíacas sofrem necrose em função do estresse térmico (Tang, et al, 2018).…”