Rosacea: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment

Rainer, Barbara M.; Kang, Sewon; Chien, Anna L.

doi:10.1080/19381980.2017.1361574

Cited by 139 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Rosacea is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 10% of the population, mostly individuals aged 30–60. The disease may present itself in the form of persisting erythema, telangiectasia, papules, pustules, excessive fibrous tissue overgrowth, rhinophyma and periocular changes . The role of the dietary habits emphasizes the importance of the gastrointestinal tract in the rosacea pathogenesis .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiome alterations in allergic and inflammatory skin diseases – an update

Polkowska-Pruszyńska

Gerkowicz

Krasowska

2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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The human microbiome is a wide range of microorganisms residing in and on our body. The homeostasis between host immune system and the microbial environment allows mutual benefits and protection. Physiological bacterial colonization is essential for the establishment of organism immunity. The human microbiota ecosystem can be divided into several compartments, out of which intestinal flora strongly affects our health and plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of many diseases. The gastrointestinal tract, being a major guardian of the immune system, maintains the homeostasis with the commensal microorganisms by tolerating the typical flora antigens. The dysbiosis may trigger an inflammatory response followed by tissue damage or autoimmune processes. The gut microbiome alterations are linked to the pathogenesis of the allergic, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic, neurodevelopmental, psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Moreover, there is increasing evidence connecting the skin condition with the gastrointestinal microbiome, which has been described as the skin–gut axis. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the role of the gut microbiome alterations in the pathogenesis of selected allergic and inflammatory skin diseases.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiome alterations in allergic and inflammatory skin diseases – an update

Polkowska-Pruszyńska

Gerkowicz

Krasowska

2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of uncertain pathophysiology; many factors may play a role in disease development . Initially, four rosacea subtypes were described: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous and ocular.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive objective skin measurement methods for rosacea assessment: a systematic review

et al. 2019

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Summary Background Rosacea assessment and therapy monitoring can be challenging to standardize, as most clinical evaluation systems are prone to interobserver variability and not always validated. Therefore, objective, reliable and preferably noninvasive measurement tools are needed. Objectives To give insight into available noninvasive imaging techniques and biophysical methods in rosacea by performing a systematic review. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases were searched until 1 September 2018 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, to identify studies providing original data about objective noninvasive imaging and/or biophysical skin measurement techniques for diagnosis, assessing severity or therapy monitoring of adult patients with cutaneous facial rosacea. Risk of bias of included articles was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, Quality in Prognosis Studies tool, and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results A total of 78 studies were included, describing 14 imaging and biophysical methods. Widespread information about (sub)surface cutaneous morphology and functionality was obtained. Methodological study quality was relatively low and interstudy outcome variability was large. Several tools show promising value in research settings: for treatment follow‐up Demodex mites are countable with reflectance confocal microscopy, spectrometry can quantify erythema, and rosacea severity could be objectified with skin hydration‐ and transepidermal water loss measurements. Conclusions This systematic review describes the spectrum of noninvasive imaging and biophysical methods in rosacea assessment, giving multifaceted information about structure and properties of rosacea skin, especially useful for research purposes. Larger studies with good methodological quality are needed to create validated protocols for further implementation into research. What's already known about this topic? Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a variety of clinical manifestations. Most clinical evaluation systems are subjective, not always validated, and subsurface skin processes remain unnoticed. Currently, different types of noninvasive measurement tools are available for rosacea assessment and therapy monitoring, but a comprehensive overview is lacking. What does this study add? Seventy‐eight publications were included, describing 14 imaging and biophysical tools, providing a wide range of information about rosacea skin morphology and functionality. Reflectance confocal microscopy and spectrometry are especially promising in therapy monitoring and skin barrier measurements for rosacea severity assessment. Larger studies with better methodological quality are needed to create validated protocols for implementation into research.

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“…Rosacea is a common chronic facial skin disease . Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, the most prevalent subtype of rosacea, is characterized by transient facial flushing against a background of persistent centrofacial erythema and the presence of telangiectasia in most patients . It is highly prevalent among fair‐skinned adults of Northern European descent .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, the most prevalent subtype of rosacea, is characterized by transient facial flushing against a background of persistent centrofacial erythema and the presence of telangiectasia in most patients . It is highly prevalent among fair‐skinned adults of Northern European descent . The condition may be aggravated by numerous triggers such as microorganisms, ultraviolet light, ethanol, nutrition, temperature extremes, psychosocial stress, and hormones .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is highly prevalent among fair‐skinned adults of Northern European descent . The condition may be aggravated by numerous triggers such as microorganisms, ultraviolet light, ethanol, nutrition, temperature extremes, psychosocial stress, and hormones . Symptoms of rosacea can lead to social stigmatization and can have a detrimental effect on the quality of life of affected patients …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Open‐label study assessing the efficacy and tolerability of topical skin care and sun protection alone and in combination with intense pulsed light therapy

Peterson¹,

Katz²

2019

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) decreases facial erythema and telangiectasias associated with rosacea. Topical skin care products decrease facial erythema by the action of active ingredients and masking effects. Objectives To assess the efficacy and tolerability of combining a topical skin care regimen (TSCR) comprised of a multifunctional three‐in‐one facial cream and a mineral‐based brush‐on SPF50 powder sunscreen with a single IPL treatment for treating mild‐to‐severe facial redness associated with rosacea. Methods Twenty female subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types I‐III received TSCR monotherapy for 12 weeks. At that time, subjects received a single IPL treatment and continued TSCR for 6 additional weeks. Subjects were evaluated at Baseline and at Weeks 4, 8, 12, and 18. Results Using a 7‐point redness scale, the overall mean (SD) redness score significantly improved from 3.05 (0.97) at baseline to 2.05 (0.76) at Week 18 (P < 0.01). There was a decrease in investigator‐rated erythema from baseline (bare skin) to Week 12 (bare skin, before IPL) when TSCR was used as monotherapy which did not achieve significance (P = 0.12). Most subjects (80%) were satisfied or Very satisfied with the TSCR at Week 18. All subjects (100%) agreed that it improved their baseline skin redness and most (85%) would recommend TSCR to others. TSCR was well‐tolerated with no significant changes in skin dryness, scaling, or itching. Mild burning occurred immediately following the IPL treatment at Week 12. Conclusion TSCR in combination with a single IPL treatment produced a significant improvement in overall facial redness in patients with rosacea. Longer‐term treatment with TSCR may produce continued improvement.

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Rosacea: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment

Cited by 139 publications

References 91 publications

The gut microbiome alterations in allergic and inflammatory skin diseases – an update

The gut microbiome alterations in allergic and inflammatory skin diseases – an update

Noninvasive objective skin measurement methods for rosacea assessment: a systematic review

Open‐label study assessing the efficacy and tolerability of topical skin care and sun protection alone and in combination with intense pulsed light therapy

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