Room‐Temperature Metallic Fusion‐Induced Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly for Highly Flexible Electrode Applications

Abstract

To fabricate flexible electrodes, conventional silver (Ag) nanomaterials have been deposited onto flexible substrates, but the formed electrodes display limited electrical conductivity due to residual bulky organic ligands, and thus postsintering processes are required to improve the electrical conductivity. Herein, an entirely different approach is introduced to produce highly flexible electrodes with bulk metal-like electrical conductivity: the room-temperature metallic fusion of multilayered silver nanoparticles (NPs). Synthesized tetraoctylammonium thiosulfate (TOAS)-stabilized Ag NPs are deposited onto flexible substrates by layer-by-layer assembly involving a perfect ligandexchange reaction between bulky TOAS ligands and small tris(2-aminoethyl) amine linkers. The introduced small linkers substantially reduce the separation distance between neighboring Ag NPs. This shortened interparticle distance, combined with the low cohesive energy of Ag NPs, strongly induces metallic fusion between the close-packed Ag NPs at room temperature without additional treatments, resulting in a high electrical conductivity of ≈1.60 × 10 5 S cm −1 (bulk Ag: ≈6.30 × 10 5 S cm −1 ). Furthermore, depositing the TOAS-Ag NPs onto cellulose papers through this approach can convert the insulating substrates into highly flexible and conductive papers that can be used as 3D current collectors for energy-storage devices.important basis for developing flexible electrodes in a variety of other energy applications, such as energy-storage/conversion devices, sensors, actuators, and fuel cells, requiring a high electrical conductivity and large surface area.

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in Polypyrrole-Based Multilayer Nanoarchitectures via Thermal Reduction

“…This indicates that as more layers are deposited, a more interconnected network forms, facilitating electron transfer. Subsequently, σ leveled off at about 170 S/cm with further addition of layers beyond 16 BL, suggesting that the multilayer system is well above the percolation threshold with the formation of long-range connectivity. , …”

Carbon Nanocluster‐Mediated Nanoblending Assembly for Binder‐Free Energy Storage Electrodes with High Capacities and Enhanced Charge Transfer Kinetics

“…To better understand this ligand‐exchange reaction, bilayer number ( n )‐dependent FTIR spectra were investigated during the sequential LbL depositions of OA‐Fe 3 O 4 NPs and CCNs using an attenuated total reflection (ATR) mode (Figure 1c; Figure S3, Supporting Information). In this case, OA‐Fe 3 O 4 NPs exhibited strong C−H stretching peaks (at 3000−2800 cm −1 ) that were assigned to the long alkyl chains of native OA/OAm ligands, [ 34 ] whereas no notable absorption peaks were identified for CCNs in the same region (Figure S4, Supporting Information). Additionally, the other characteristic absorption peaks of CCNs (i.e., C=O, C−C, and C−O stretching) almost overlapped with the peaks originating from the functional moieties of OA/OAm ligands on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 NPs.…”

High-Voltage and Green-Emitting Perovskite Quantum Dot Solar Cells via Solvent Miscibility-Induced Solid-State Ligand Exchange

“…High-quality CsPbBr 3 PQDs stabilized using long-chain hydrocarbon OA and OLA ligands were synthesized and extracted from the as-synthesized crude solution following the purification steps based on the use of MeOAc as an antisolvent, previously reported on CsPbI 3 PQD purifications (see the Experimental Section and Figure S1). , Solid-state ligand exchange based on layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly has been used for growing diverse colloidal nanomaterial-based thin films, such as metal, semiconductor QDs, and metal oxides. − In particular, solid-state ligand exchange using a solvent orthogonality-based LbL assembly is broadly used for growing QD thin films; however, there have been difficulties in choosing the proper polar solvent of CsPbX 3 PQDs owing to their highly ionic nature in both internal and surface–ligand bonding. In the case of CsPbI 3 PQDs, MeOAc, a carboxylate ester, has been used as a polar solvent for the successful solid-state ligand exchange of CsPbI 3 PQDs .…”