Room temperature functionalization of carbon nanotubes using an ozone/water vapor mixture

Peng, Ke; Liu, Luqi; Li, Hongchao; Meyer, Helmut; Zhang, Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2010.08.043

Cited by 84 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The successful in functionalization of the nanotubes is the first step to properly prepare the nanocomposite. 297 or microwave energy and water (Cuentas-Gallegos et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2009;Smith et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2008;Otvos et al, 2006;Aviles et al, 2009;Haydar et al, 2000;Peng et al, 2011;Ionescu et al, 2006;Hojati-Talemi & Simon, 2009). Treatment with different oxidizing agents might introduce different functional groups on the CNTs surface including alcoholic, carboxylic, aldehydic, ketonic, and esteric oxygenated functional groups, see Fig.1.…”

Section: Synthesis Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntheses of Carbon Nanotube-Metal Oxides Composites; Adsorption and Photo-degradation

Gupta¹,

Saleh²

2011

Carbon Nanotubes - From Research to Applications

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Section: Synthesis Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntheses of Carbon Nanotube-Metal Oxides Composites; Adsorption and Photo-degradation

Gupta¹,

Saleh²

2011

Carbon Nanotubes - From Research to Applications

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“…The results also indicate that G#-band appears larger up-shift with increase of O 3 treatment time. By extending O 3 treatment time, more functional groups can be attached onto the MWCNT surface [10]. Therefore, with the higher degree functionalization on the nanotube surface, PC-4h-MWCNT composite shows much better load transfer behavior.…”

Section: Temperature Dependent Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The MWCNTs were functionalized with O 3 at room temperature, which has been discussed in our recent work [10]. Generally, 3 g of p-MWCNTs was placed into a homemade vertical reactor each time.…”

Section: Functionalization Of Mwcntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most prominent advantages is that this method works under dry conditions without dispersing CNTs into solvents and therefore is convenient for further scale-up. Furthermore, according to our previous study [10], this method can be even carried out at atmospheric pressure and room temperature, leading to comparatively cheaper equipments and lower running costs. Although the oxidation of CNTs by O 3 has been extensively studied [6][7][8][9], little research has been done so far on the effect of functionalized CNTs to the mechanical performance of polymer matrices, especially for thermoplastics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical performance of ozone functionalized MWCNTs/PC nanocomposites

Zhang¹,

Peng²,

Chen³

2011

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized by ozone (O 3 ) and then melting mixed into polycarbonate (PC) matrix. The effect of O 3 functionalization on the mechanical performance was systematically studied. It was found that the modified MWCNTs exhibited improved dispersion and interfacial adhesion to the matrix as evidenced by scanning electron microscope and micro-Raman spectrometer, which were believed to contribute to the enhanced yield strength of MWCNTs/PC nanocomposites. Vol.5, No.6 (2011) 516-525 Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2011.50 * Corresponding author, e-mail: zhong.zhang@nanoctr.cn © BME-PT bon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into a polycarbonate (PC) matrix by melt mixing. The amorphous PC was chosen since it is known that CNTs may modify the crystalline morphology in semi-crystalline polymers, which may complicate the interpretation of the effect of O 3 functionalized MWCNTs. Keywords: polymer nanocomposites, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, ozone functionalization, polycarbonate, mechanical property eXPRESS Polymer Letters Experimental 2.1. MaterialsThe pristine MWCNTs (marked as p-MWCNTs in this paper) were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition method with purity >95 wt.%, average diameter between 10 and 20 nm, and length between 1 and 10 µm. The PC has a brand name as Macrolon 2800, with the melt flow index = 9 g/10 min at 300°C, and density ! = 1.2 g/cm 3 . Both MWCNTs and PC were supplied by Bayer MaterialScience AG (Leverkusen, Germany). Before further functionalization or melt-mixing process, the MWCNTs, PC or master-batches were dried at 373 K overnight within a vacuum oven. Functionalization of MWCNTsThe MWCNTs were functionalized with O 3 at room temperature, which has been discussed in our recent work [10]. Generally, 3 g of p-MWCNTs was placed into a homemade vertical reactor each time. The O 3 (5 wt% in O 3 /O 2 mixture) was continuously passed through the reactor chamber at room temperature during the oxidation process. The reaction time was fixed for 2 or 4 hours, and then the functionalized MWCNTs were defined as 2h-MWCNTs and 4h-MWCNTs in this paper. Preparation of nanocompositeA master batch of 15 wt% MWCNTs in PC was produced by the melt-mixing process in a twin screw extruder (HAAKE-Polylab OS, Haake being part of Thermo Scientific). The screw speed was set at 150 rpm. All barrels of the extruder were set to a heating temperature of 280°C except the barrels of the melting zone which was 270°C. After extrusion, the PC/MWCNT composites were cooled down in a water bath and then finally granulated with a pelletizer. The master batch was diluted by pure PC to obtain concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 wt% MWCNTs in the matrix. Dog-bone samples were prepared using a HAAKE mini-injection molding machine. The barrel temperature was 300°C and the mold temperature was 120°C, and the injection pressure was 800 bar. CharacterizationTensile tests were carried out according to a standard methodology of ASTM D638. They were performe...

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“…[149] It has been reported that SWNTs can be quickly functionalized under the assistance of UV or microwave irradiation, [150,151] plasma or ozone treatment. [152,153] A two-step method was developed to prepare soluble functionalized SWNTs assisted by a microwave oven in our group. Compared with the preparation under higher pressure, [151] the two-step approach allowed for a safer and easier operation.…”

Section: Electrochemical Properties C N T S H a V E A H I G H E L E Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube-Based Thin Films: Synthesis and Properties

Wang¹,

Moriyama²

2011

Carbon Nanotubes - Synthesis, Characterization, Applications

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Room temperature functionalization of carbon nanotubes using an ozone/water vapor mixture

Cited by 84 publications

References 34 publications

Syntheses of Carbon Nanotube-Metal Oxides Composites; Adsorption and Photo-degradation

Syntheses of Carbon Nanotube-Metal Oxides Composites; Adsorption and Photo-degradation

Mechanical performance of ozone functionalized MWCNTs/PC nanocomposites

Carbon Nanotube-Based Thin Films: Synthesis and Properties

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